The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is the bottleneck that limits the energy efficiency of water-splitting. The process involves four electrons’ transfer and the generation of triplet state O2 from singlet state species (OH- or H2O). Recently, explicit spin selection was described as a possible way to promote OER in alkaline conditions, but the specific spin-polarized kinetics remains unclear. Here, we report that by using ferromagnetic ordered catalysts as the spin polarizer for spin selection under a constant magnetic field, the OER can be enhanced. However, it does not applicable to non-ferromagnetic catalysts. We found that the spin polarization occurs at the first electron transfer step in OER, where coherent spin exchange happens between the ferromagnetic catalyst and the adsorbed oxygen species with fast kinetics, under the principle of spin angular momentum conservation. In the next three electron transfer steps, as the adsorbed O species adopt fixed spin direction, the OER electrons need to follow the Hund rule and Pauling exclusion principle, thus to carry out spin polarization spontaneously and finally lead to the generation of triplet state O2. Here, we showcase spin-polarized kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction, which gives references in the understanding and design of spin-dependent catalysts.

Electrically conductive polymer composite-based smart strain sensors with different conductive fillers, phase morphology, and imperative features were reviewed.

Highly conductive and stretchable electrospun thermoplastic polyurethane yarns with multi-walled and single-walled CNTs were prepared.

Polyphenols are a class of ubiquitous compounds distributed in nature, with fascinating inherent biocompatible, bioadhesive, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties. The unique polyphenolic structures based on catechol or pyrogallol moieties allow...

Recently, the development of polydopamine (PDA) has demonstrated many excellent performances such as free radical scavenging, UV shielding, photothermal conversion, and biocompatibility. These unique properties make PDA widely designed as...

Wearable pressure sensors are in great demand with the rapid development of intelligent electronic devices. However, it is still a huge challenge to obtain high-performance pressure sensors with high sensitivity, wide response range, and low detection limit simultaneously. Here, a polyimide (PI)/carbon nanotube (CNT) composite aerogel with the merits of superelastic, high porosity, robust, and high-temperature resistance was successfully prepared through the freeze drying plus thermal imidization process. Benefiting from the strong chemical interactions between PI and CNT and stable electrical property, the composite aerogel exhibits versatile and superior brilliant sensing performance, which includes wide sensing range (80% strain, 61 kPa), ultrahigh sensitivity (11.28 kPa–1), ultralow detection limit (0.1% strain, <10 Pa), fast response time (50 ms) and recovery time (70 ms), remarkable long-term stability (1000 cycles), and exceptional detection ability toward different deformations (compression, distortion, and bending). Furthermore, the composite aerogel also shows stable sensing performance after annealing under different high temperatures and good thermal insulation property, making it workable in various harsh environments. As a result, the composite aerogel is suitable for the full-range human motion detection (including airflow, pulse, vocal cord vibration, and human movement) and precise detection of the pressure distribution when it is assembled into E-skin, demonstrating its great potential to serve as a high-performance wearable pressure sensor.

In recently years, high-performance wearable strain sensors have attracted great attention in academic and industrial. Herein, a conductive polymer composite of electrospun thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) fibrous film matrix-embedded carbon black (CB) particles with adjustable scaffold network was fabricated for high-sensitive strain sensor. This work indicated the influence of stereoscopic scaffold network structure built under various rotating speeds of collection device in electrospinning process on the electrical response of TPU/CB strain sensor. This structure makes the sensor exhibit combined characters of high sensitivity under stretching strain (gauge factor of 8962.7 at 155% strain), fast response time (60 ms), outstanding stability and durability (> 10,000 cycles) and a widely workable stretching range (0–160%). This high-performance, wearable, flexible strain sensor has a broad vision of application such as intelligent terminals, electrical skins, voice measurement and human motion monitoring. Moreover, a theoretical approach was used to analyze mechanical property and a model based on tunneling theory was modified to describe the relative change of resistance upon the applied strain. Meanwhile, two equations based from this model were first proposed and offered an effective but simple approach to analyze the change of number of conductive paths and distance of adjacent conductive particles.

Recently, a paper-based (PB) strain sensor has turned out to be an ideal substitute for the polymer-based one because of the merits of renewability, biodegradability, and low cost. However, the hygroexpansion and degradation of the paper after absorbing water are the great challenges for the practical applications of the PB strain sensor. Herein, the superhydrophobic electrically conductive paper was fabricated by simply dip-coating the printing paper into the carbon black (CB)/carbon nanotube (CNT)/methyl cellulose suspension and hydrophobic fumed silica (Hf-SiO 2 ) suspension successively to settle the problem. Because of the existence of ultrasensitive microcrack structures in the electrically conductive CB/CNT layer, the sensor was capable of detecting an ultralow strain as low as 0.1%. During the tension strain range of 0−0.7%, the sensor exhibited a gauge factor of 7.5, almost 3 times higher than that of the conventional metallic-based sensors. In addition, the sensor displayed frequencyindependent and excellent durability and reproductivity over 1000 tension cycles. Meanwhile, the superhydrophobic Hf-SiO 2 layer with a micro−nano structure and low surface energy endowed the sensor with outstanding waterproof and self-cleaning properties, as well as great sustainability toward cyclic strain and harsh corrosive environment. Finally, the PB strain sensor could effectively monitor human bodily motions such as finger/elbow joint/throat movement and pulse in real time, especially for the wet or rainy conditions. All these pave way for the fabrication of a high-performance PB strain sensor.