The sluggish hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) under alkaline conditions has hindered the commercialization of hydroxide-exchange membrane hydrogen fuel cells.Alowcost Ni/NiO/C catalyst with abundant Ni/NiO interfacial sites was developed as acompetent HOR electrocatalyst in alkaline media. Ni/NiO/C exhibits an HOR activity one order of magnitude higher than that of its parent Ni/C counterpart. Moreover,N i/NiO/C also shows better stability and CO tolerance than commercial Pt/C in alkaline media, which renders it av ery promising HOR electrocatalyst for hydrogen fuel cell applications.D ensity functional theory (DFT) calculations were also performed to shed light on the enhanced HOR performance of Ni/NiO/C;the DFT results indicate that both hydrogen and hydroxideachieveoptimal binding energies at the Ni/NiO interface,resulting from the balanced electronic and oxophilic effects at the Ni/NiO interface.Along with the rapid progress in the generation of clean hydrogen from water with renewable energy sources such as solar and wind energies,i ncreasing attention has been devoted to the efficient utilization of hydrogen directly as agreen fuel, in that the sole product of hydrogen combustion is water. Within this context, the hydrogen fuel cell is one of the most promising technologies for hydrogen utilization. [1] Even though commercial hydrogen fuel cells employing proton exchange membranes exhibit high power output, [2]
Due to their capacity to conduct complex organic transformations, enzymes find extensive use in medical and industrial settings. Unfortunately, enzymes are limited by their poor stability when exposed to harsh non-native conditions. While a host of methods have been developed to stabilize enzymes in non-native conditions, recent research into the synthesis of polymer−enzyme biohybrids using reversible deactivation radical polymerization approaches has demonstrated the potential of increased enzymatic activity in both native and non-native environments. In this manuscript, we utilize the enzyme lipase, as a model system, to explore the impact that modulation of grafted polymer molecular weight has on enzyme activity in both aqueous and organic media. We studied the properties of these hybrids using both solution-phase enzyme activity methods and coarse-grain modeling to assess the impact of polymer grafting density and grafted polymer molecular weight on enzyme activity to gain a deeper insight into this understudied property of the biohybrid system.
Cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) plays crucial roles in the regulation of cell cycle and transcription that are tightly associated with cancer development and metastasis. The recent identification of the first covalent inhibitor which possesses high specificity against CDK7 prompts intense studies on designing highly selective CDK7 inhibitors and exploring their applications in cancer treatments. This review summarizes the latest biological studies on CDK7 and reviews the development of CDK7 inhibitors in preclinical and clinical evaluations, along with the prospects and potential challenges in this research area. CDK7 is an attractive anticancer target, and the discovery and development of CDK7 inhibitors has received much attention.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.