Hydrogen production from seawater and solar energy based on photoelectrochemical cells is extremely attractive due to earth-abundance of seawater and solar radiation. Herein, we report the successful fabrication of novel inorganic-organic 2D/2D WO3/g-C3N4 nanosheet arrays (WO3/g-C3N4 NSAs) grown on a FTO substrate via a facile hydrothermal growth and deposition-annealing process, and their application in natural seawater splitting. The results indicate that the WO3/g-C3N4 NSAs exhibit a photocurrent density of 0.73 mA cm(-2) at 1.23 V versus RHE under AM 1.5G (100 mW cm(-2)) illumination, which is 2-fold higher than that of WO3 NSAs. More importantly, the WO3/g-C3N4 NSA photoanode is quite stable during seawater splitting and the photocurrent density does not substantially decrease after continuous illumination for 3600 s. The remarkably enhanced performance originates primarily from the formation of the WO3/g-C3N4 heterojunction between WO3 and g-C3N4 nanosheets, which accelerates charge transfer and separation, and prolongs the lifetime of electrons as demonstrated by EIS and Mott-Schottky analyses. Finally, a possible mechanism for the improved performance was proposed and discussed.

Accumulating evidence has strongly suggested that amyloid fibrils of protein or peptide are cytotoxic. Fibrillar species appear to lead to disruption of cell membrane structures and thereby cause cell death. In this study, human erythrocytes were used as an in vitro model to examine the disruptive effect of lysozyme fibrils on the plasma membrane. Both the protofibrils and mature fibrils induced hemolysis and aggregation of erythrocytes. Treating ghost membranes with the fibrils resulted in aggregation of membrane proteins through intermolecular disulfide cross-linking. LC-ESI-MS/MS and Western blotting analysis showed that lysozyme fragments were incorporated into the aggregates of ghost membrane proteins, which suggested that thio-disulfide exchange among lysozyme and membrane proteins was triggered when the fibrils interacted with erythrocyte membranes. Metal-ion chelators, radical scavengers, and antioxidants had no effect on the amyloid-induced disulfide cross-linking. The exposure of interior hydrophobic residues and the increased level of solvent-accessible disulfides in the lysozyme fibrils are thought to be involved in membrane disruption. These results may unveil a novel pathway for the cytotoxicity of amyloid fibrils.

Ag/SBA-15 catalysts have been prepared by means of in situ reduction methods using hexamethylenetetramine and formaldehyde as reducing agents, respectively, and characterized by N 2 adsorption/desorption, XRD, TEM and XPS. Presence of nanoparticles of silver in SBA-15 were confirmed by high angle X-ray diffraction data (peaks between 2h = 35-808) and XPS, and transmission electron microscopy confirmed the diameter of the nanoparticles. When hexamethylenetetramine was used as reducing agent, uniform Ag nanoparticles inside the channels were formed, and diameter of nanoparticles is found to be *6.0 nm which is coincident with channel diameter of SBA-15. The catalysts were subjected to CO oxidation in a flow reactor at atmospheric pressure and temperatures up to 300°C. Studies revealed that catalysts prepared with different reducing agents strongly influence their catalytic performance in the CO oxidation, what prepared with hexamethylenetetramine as mild reducing reagent shows a certain low temperature catalytic activity.

Uniform and monodisperse Fe3O4@void@C-MIP nanospheres were obtained by surface polymerisation onto the carboxyl modified Fe3O4@void@C carbon materials.