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ObjectiveTo evaluate determinants of prolonged viral RNA shedding in hospitalized patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant infection.Materials and methodsHospitalized patients tested SARS-CoV-2 positive by nasopharyngeal real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were included in the single-center, retrospective study. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the timing of viral clearance (≤ 8 days, “early clearance” and ≥15 days, “late clearance”).Results4,084 patients were included in the study (1,023 late clearance, 3,061 early clearance), with median age of 50 years and a higher proportion (61.4%) of male. Univariate analyses showed that comorbidities (including hypertension, diabetes, and coronary heart disease), receiving vaccine, the number of vaccinations, cycle threshold (Ct) open reading frame 1ab (ORF 1ab), and nucleocapsid protein (N) gene values on admission were associated with late viral clearance. In the multivariable analysis, the number of vaccinations (P = 0.010) and Ct ORF 1ab gene (P < 0.001) values on admission were significantly associated with late viral clearance. Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) analysis showed that the Ct value of ORF 1ab gene and N gene remained unchanged within 3 days, and showed progressively higher values with increasing days during late viral RNA clearance.ConclusionThe number of vaccinations and Ct values of ORF 1ab gene were independently associated with a prolonged SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding.

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Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Huashi Baidu Granules (HSBD) in treating patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant. Methods A single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted during COVID-19 Omicron epidemic in the Mobile Cabin Hospital of Shanghai New International Expo Center from April 1st to May 23rd, 2022. All COVID-19 patients with asymptomatic or mild infection were assigned to the treatment group (HSBD users) and the control group (non-HSBD users). After propensity score matching in a 1:1 ratio, 496 HSBD users of treatment group were matched by propensity score to 496 non-HSBD users. Patients in the treatment group were administrated HSBD (5 g/bag) orally for 1 bag twice a day for 7 consecutive days. Patients in the control group received standard care and routine treatment. The primary outcomes were the negative conversion time of nucleic acid and negative conversion rate at day 7. Secondary outcomes included the hospitalized days, the time of the first nucleic acid negative conversion, and new-onset symptoms in asymptomatic patients. Adverse events (AEs) that occurred during the study were recorded. Further subgroup analysis was conducted in vaccinated (378 HSBD users and 390 non-HSBD users) and unvaccinated patients (118 HSBD users and 106 non-HSBD users). Results The median negative conversion time of nucleic acid in the treatment group was significantly shortened than the control group [3 days (IQR: 2–5 days) vs. 5 days (IQR: 4–6 days); P <0.01]. The negative conversion rate of nucleic acid in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group at day 7 (91.73% vs. 86.90%, P =0.014). Compared with the control group, the hospitalized days in the treatment group were significantly reduced [10 days (IQR: 8–11 days) vs. 11 days (IQR: 10.25–12 days); P <0.01]. The time of the first nucleic acid negative conversion had significant differences between the treatment and control groups [3 days (IQR: 2–4 days) vs. 5 days (IQR: 4–6 days); P <0.01]. The incidence of new-onset symptoms including cough, pharyngalgia, expectoration and fever in the treatment group were lower than the control group ( P <0.05 or P <0.01). In the vaccinated patients, the median negative conversion time and hospitalized days were significantly shorter than the control group after HSDB treatment [3 days (IQR: 2–5 days) vs. 5 days (IQR: 4–6 days), P <0.01; 10 days (IQR: 8–11 days) vs. 11 days (IQR: 10–12 days), P <0.01]. In the unvaccinated patients, HSBD treatment efficiently shorten the median...

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Objective Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Baidu Jieduan Granules (BDJDG) to treat : To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Baidu Jieduan Granules (BDJDG) to treat common type coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). common type coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods Methods: This multicenter, retrospective, and observational : This multicenter, retrospective, and observational clinical trial included 230 common COVID-19 patients in Leishenshan, Huangshi, and Laohekou Hospitals in clinical trial included 230 common COVID-19 patients in Leishenshan, Huangshi, and Laohekou Hospitals in Wuhan from January 21 to March 26, 2020. The included patients were further divided into two subgroups Wuhan from January 21 to March 26, 2020. The included patients were further divided into two subgroups according to the use of supplemental oxygen, mild and moderate groups. During the fi rst 14 d of hospitalization, according to the use of supplemental oxygen, mild and moderate groups. During the fi rst 14 d of hospitalization, all patients were administered BDJDG combined with conventional Western medicine, and observed for all patients were administered BDJDG combined with conventional Western medicine, and observed for continuous 28 d. Primary outcomes were disease progression rate and discharge rate. Secondary outcomes continuous 28 d. Primary outcomes were disease progression rate and discharge rate. Secondary outcomes included negative conversion time of nucleic acid, hospitalization duration, clinical symptom subsidence time, included negative conversion time of nucleic acid, hospitalization duration, clinical symptom subsidence time, and symptom regression rate. and symptom regression rate. Results Results: A total of 230 common COVID-19 patients were analyzed (138 in : A total of 230 common COVID-19 patients were analyzed (138 in moderate group and 92 in mild group). By day 28, the disease progression rate was 4.3% and the discharge moderate group and 92 in mild group). By day 28, the disease progression rate was 4.3% and the discharge rate was 95.7%. All mild cases recovered and were discharged from hospital. The median negative conversion rate was 95.7%. All mild cases recovered and were discharged from hospital. The median negative conversion time of nucleic acid of all 230 COVID-19 patients was 12 d [inter-quartile range (IQR) 3.5-17], the median time of nucleic acid of all 230 COVID-19 patients was 12 d [inter-quartile range (IQR) 3.5-17], the median hospitalization duration was 15 d (IQR 12-20). The median time to fever, cough, and fatigue recovery was hospitalization duration was 15 d (IQR 12-20). The median time to fever, cough, and fatigue recovery was 4 d (IQR 2-6), 8 d (IQR 5-12), and 8 d (IQR 5-11), respectively. The recovery rate of fever, cough, and fatigue 4 d (IQR 2-6), 8 d (IQR 5-12), and 8 d (IQR 5-11), respectively. The recovery rate of fever, cough, and fatigue was 94.6%, 90.5%, and 93.5%. The median time to clinical improvement was 12 d (IQR 10-17). Compared with was 94.6%,...