Our results show that VAH is not rare in Chinese patients with stroke and that its presence increases the risk of PCI stroke.

ObjectiveFemoral offset (FO) restoration is significantly correlated with functional recovery following total hip arthroplasty (THA). Accurately assessing the effects of FO changes on hip muscles following THA would help improve function and optimize functional outcomes. The present study aimed to (1) identify the impact of FO side difference on the hip muscle moment arms following unilateral THA during gait and (2) propose the optimal FO for a physiological hip muscle function.MethodsIn vivo hip kinematics from eighteen unilateral THA patients during gait were measured with a dual-fluoroscopic imaging system. The moment arms of thirteen hip muscles were calculated using CT-based 3D musculoskeletal models with the hip muscles’ lines of actions. The correlation coefficient (R) between FO and hip muscle moment arm changes compared with the non-implanted hip was calculated. We considered that the FO reconstruction was satisfactory when the abductor moment arms increased, while the extensor, adductor, and flexor moment arms decreased less than 5%.ResultsA decreased FO following THA was significantly correlated with a decrease of the abductor and external rotator moment arms during the whole gait (R > 0.5) and a decrease of extensor moment arms during the stance phase (R > 0.4). An increased FO following THA was significantly associated with shorter flexor moment arms throughout the gait (R < −0.5) and shorter adductor moment arms in the stance phase (R < −0.4). An increase in FO of 2.3–2.9 mm resulted in increased abductor moment arms while maintaining the maximum decrease of the hip muscles at less than 5.0%.ConclusionAn increase of 2–3 mm in FO could improve the abductor and external rotator function following a THA. Accurate surgical planning with optimal FO reconstruction is essential to restoring normal hip muscle function in THA patients.

Background: Precise evaluation of the hip abductor and adductor muscles function in total hip arthroplasty (THA) patients during gait could help prevent postoperative complications and optimize the rehabilitation training program. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of THA on the hip abductor and adductor muscle lengths and moment arms of in vivo patients during gait. Methods: Ten unilateral THA patients received CT scans and dual fluoroscopic imaging for the hip kinematics during gait. The hip abductor and adductor muscle insertions were digitized on the 3D hip model for the determination of their dynamic lines of action and moment arms. Changes in the hip abductor and adductor muscle lengths and moment arms of THA patients between the implanted and non-implanted sides were quantified during gait. Results: The adductor longus, adductor brevis, and pectineus of the implanted hips had significantly (P < 0.05) less elongation than that of the non-implanted side during the stance phase. The gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and piriformis moment arms of the implanted side were significantly shorter. The piriformis muscle moment arm was significantly larger. In the double support phase, the adductor magnus and adductor longus moment arms of the implanted sides were significantly decreased. Conclusions: Results suggested that the adverse effects of THA on hip stability. Development of a rehabilitation program considering the effects of THA is essential. Accurate surgical techniques may reduce the impact of THA on the peripheral muscles.

No abstract

Background: A comprehensive and thorough understanding of functional acetabular component orientation is essential for optimizing the clinical outcome after total hip arthroplasty (THA). This study aimed to quantify the functional acetabular anteversion and inclination of unilateral THA patients during walking and static standing and to determine whether the functional acetabular orientation falls within the Lewinnek safe zone.Methods: Seventeen patients with unilateral THA received a CT scan and dual fluoroscopic imaging during level walking and static standing to evaluate in vivo hip kinematics. The pelvic functional coordinate system of the 3D CT-based computer model was defined by the line of gravity and anterior pelvic plane (APP) to measure functional acetabular anteversion and inclination in different postures. The Lewinnek safe zone was used to determine the acetabular malposition during functional activities.Results: The THA side demonstrated an average of 10.1° (± 9.6°, range –7.5° to 29.9°) larger functional anteversion and 16.0° (± 9.2°, range –7.2° to 29.9°) smaller inclination than native hips during level walking. Functional acetabular anteversion in the THA side during level walking and static standing was significantly larger than anatomical measurements (p &lt; 0.05). Acetabular orientation of most well-placed THA components anatomically in the Lewinnek safe zone fell outside the safe zone during more than half of the gait cycle and static standing.Conclusion: The current study revealed that an anatomically well-placed acetabular cup does not guarantee a well-functional orientation during daily activities. The in vivo mechanical performance and loading conditions of the THA component during other weight-bearing activities should be investigated in further studies.

Background: Precise evaluation the hip abductor and adductor muscles function in total hip arthroplasty (THA) patients during gait could help prevent postoperative complications and optimize the rehabilitation training program. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of THA on the hip abductor and adductor muscle lengths and moment arms of in vivo patients during gait.Methods: Ten unilateral THA patients received CT scan and dual fluoroscopic imaging for the hip kinematics during gait. The hip abductor and adductor muscle insertions were digitized on the 3D hip model for the determination of their dynamic lines of action and moment arms. Changes in the hip abductor and adductor muscle lengths and moment arms of THA patients between the implanted and non-implanted sides were quantified during gait.Results: The adductor longus, adductor brevis, and pectineus of the implanted hips had significantly (P<0.05) less elongation than that of the non-implanted side during the stance phase. The gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and piriformis moment arms of the implanted side were significantly shorter. The piriformis muscle moment arm was significantly larger. In the double support phase, the adductor magnus and adductor longus moment arms of the implanted sides were significantly decreased. Conclusions: Results suggested that the adverse effects of THA on hip stability. Development of a rehabilitation program considering the effects of THA is essential. Accurate surgical techniques may reduce the impact of THA on the peripheral muscles.

Waist circumference (WC) is a proxy of central body fat based on sex-specific cut-offs which was considered as an indicator for some health risks. However, no standardized protocols are available for WC measurements, especially for Chinese adults. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the five different waist circumference (WC) measures sites to find out the most appropriate WC measuring sites in Chinese adults. METHODS: 213 participants (107 males and 106 females) aged at 18-35 years attended the study. WC measuring sites were: superior margin of iliac crest (WC-1), lower margin of the twelfth rib (WC-2), the midpoint between the upper edge of iliac crest and the lower edge of the twelfth rib (WC-3), 1 cm superior the umbilicus (WC-4), narrowest waist (WC-5). WC measurements were conducted at five anatomical sites through an inelastic measuring tape which was measured to nearest 1 mm. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to conduct the mean WCs comparison.

No abstract