An improved approach was proposed to identify the multi-fractal characteristics of silicon content in hot metal from No. 7 BF at Handan Steel, No. 1 BF at Laiwu Steel and No. 6 BF at Linfen Iron and Steel Group Co. Comprehensive and quantitative details of the partial fluctuant singularity and fluctuant singularity at different levels are displayed through the computation of generalized Hurst index, scaling function and multifractal spectrum. The results confirm the existence of multi-fractal characteristics in the investigated time series. To describe such fluctuation in a single Hurst index or box dimension is insufficient. It is concluded that the theory and methods based on normal distribution, sequence unrelated and single fractal needs addition and amendments.KEY WORDS: blast furnace iron-making; silicon content; multi-fractal; generalized Hurst index; multi-fractal spectrum.
To account for the nonlinearity of blast furnace ironmaking process, a nonlinear Wiener model identification algorithm is presented. The system consists of a linear time invariant (LTI) subsystem followed by a static nonlinearity. The inverse of the nonlinearity is assumed to be a linear combination of known nonlinear basis functions and the linear subspace algorithm is used to identify the model. The inputs to the model are parameters regarded to be most responsible for the fluctuation of thermal state in blast furnace while the output to the model is silicon content in hot metal. The identified Wiener model is then tested on datasets obtained from No. 6 Blast Furnace from Baotou Steel. It is found that the blast furnace of concern is a short memory system, so that for each prediction the Wiener method is retrained. It is shown that the retrained model well improves the predictive accuracy.KEY WORDS: blast furnace iron-making; silicon content; Wiener model; subspace algorithm. the chamber, so that chemical reactions take place throughout the furnace as the material moves downward. The end products are usually molten iron and slag phases tapped from the bottom, and flue gases exiting from the top of the furnace.The critical operating parameters are the temperature and silicon content in hot metal. It has been shown that silicon content has a linear approximation relation with temperature. Furthermore, the silicon content is a good measure of the heat content and the course of the blast furnace process. Therefore, only silicon content is chosen as an output variable for the process model. In the meantime, a large number of variables are monitored and they become the basis for the blast furnace operators to judge the status of blast furnace. Since not all monitored process variables have an influence on the fluctuation of silicon content in hot metal, selections must be made. According to engineering knowledge and controllability of variables, we select out 7 process variables 20) as the model inputs and silicon content in hot metal as the model output to construct the predictive model. These process variables include: the quantity of blast, the temperature of blast, the pressure of blast, the quantity of coal powder, the pressure of top gas, the coke ratio and the quantity of oxygen. Delay time for each input variable for this specific blast furnace is given in Table 1. Subspace MethodsSubspace methods are a relatively recent development in the field of system identification which is most suitable for multi-variable identification. There are 3 main subspace methods, i.e., N4SID developed by van Overschee and De Moor, 15) CVA developed by Larimore 16) and MOESP developed by Verhaegen and Dewilde. 17) For the 3 algorithms, N4SID and CVA have been seen much more applications. The CVA algorithm was based on mathematical statistics and time series analysis methods while the N4SID algorithm is more closely related to linear system theory. For the present work, we use the N4SID algorithm to identify the linear block of...
With [Si] time series of No. 1 BF at Laiwu Iron and Steel Group Co. and No.6 BF at Linfen Iron and Steel Group Co. as sample space, and based on rescaled range analysis and method of box dimension, the Hurst exponents of [Si] time series of these two BFs and the box dimensions are figured out to be ranging from 0.257 and 0.224 and 1.712 and 1.724, respectively. The complex degree of [Si] time series is described, and it is also proved that [Si] time series is a long-term negative association fractal time series. With the correlative parameter fixed, the simulated trend was pictured by the theory of iterated function system.
Forecasting of silicon content in blast furnace (BF) hot metal has always been an important tool in the control of iron-making process. To get an accurate prediction of silicon content is an urgent task for BF operators. The approach based on generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic (GARCH) has been introduced to predict step-ahead silicon content in BF hot metal. The algorithm has been explained in detail and simulation results have been analyzed from different criteria. It is shown that the algorithm gives good results and is helpful for practical production.
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