Association rule mining methods, as a set of important data mining tools, could be used for mining spatial association rules of spatial data. However, applications of these methods are limited for mining results containing large number of redundant rules. In this paper, a new method named Geo-Filtered Association Rules Mining (GFARM) is proposed to effectively eliminate the redundant rules. An application of GFARM is performed as a case study in which association rules are discovered between building land distribution and potential driving factors in Wuhan, China from 1995 to 2015. Ten sets of regular sampling grids with different sizes are used for detecting the influence of multi-scales on GFARM. Results show that the proposed method can filter 50%-70% of redundant rules. GFARM is also successful in discovering spatial association pattern between building land distribution and driving factors.
With the introduction of the modern rammed earth technique, a large number of modern rammed earth buildings were constructed in China Mainland. China has a vast territory, which faces the Circum-Pacific seismic belt on the east and the Eurasian seismic belt on the south; earthquake has constantly threatened the safety of people's lives and property. Consequently, it is necessary to probe in the seismic performance of rammed earth buildings. Two un-stabilized rammed earth specimens, one un-stabilized rammed earth reinforced with geogrid sheets' specimens, and four stabilized rammed earth specimens were built for obtaining a better insight on the behavior of un-stabilized rammed earth/stabilized rammed earth walls under cyclic in-plane loads. Testing results are discussed in terms of failure mode, shear capacity, hysteretic curve, stiffness degradation, and total energy dissipation to provide comparisons of the seismic performance between un-stabilized rammed earth and stabilized rammed earth specimens. Different failure modes indicated that the cohesion between particles and the bond strength between layers are the two key parameters for the shear capacity of rammed earth buildings. It is also demonstrated that stabilized rammed earth specimens have higher shear and energy dissipation capacity but weaker deformation capacity than un-stabilized rammed earth.
With the proposal of the rural revitalization strategy, tourist towns have sprung up like mushrooms after rain, but their rapid development has brought about disorder expansion of space, insufficient ecological protection, space fragmentation, low space efficiency, and uneven distribution of public service facilities. Problems such as uniformity, dilapidated living space, and poor overall town quality are affecting the further development of tourist towns. Taking Sanjiang Town as an example, this paper summarizes the development process and characteristics of small tourist towns in Northwest Sichuan through literature research and field research. The results of the general environment and on-site questionnaire surveys put forward development ideas and spatial planning guidance measures for tourist towns, in order to provide three rivers plans and ideas for the development of tourist towns under rural revitalization.
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