To investigate the dynamic characteristics of liquid sloshing in partially-filled tanks, FLUENT simulation for liquid sloshing in cylinder tanks with the 40% liquid fill level and subject to lateral accelerations of 0.1 g-0.4 g were carried out. By the observation of transient sloshing force and the liquid free surface, it was found that the liquid sloshing is a periodic oscillation. Fourier transform was utilized to transform the sloshing forces in the time domain to the signals in the frequency domain. By spectrum analysis, it was found that the first-order oscillation that has the biggest amplitude is the most important one for liquid sloshing. For further command on liquid sloshing, modal shapes for the first sixth modal were acquired by ANSYS. It is drawn that the odd modals have anti-symmetrical shapes and the first-order oscillation makes the biggest contribution on liquid sloshing, the even modals have symmetrical shapes and could not contribute to liquid sloshing.
To investigate the accuracy and the scope of application of the QS method in transient liquid sloshing, 3 different tanks are selected as the research object. The liquid fill level is set at 0.6 and the constant lateral acceleration changes from 0.1 g to 0.4 g. The transient liquid sloshing is simulated by FLUENT and the relevant QS results are solved at the same conditions. The mean and maximum values for transient liquid sloshing effect are compared with the corresponding QS results. It was found that the mean values in a cycle are quite close to the QS calculation results. Furthermore, the QS method can only be used when the external excitation is constant and smaller. For lateral acceleration which is constant but large, and time-variation ones, the QS method is not suitable.
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