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Abstract-This paper reports on the recent progress in the design and fabrication of high-nonlinearity lead-silicate holey fibers (HFs). First, the fabrication of a fiber designed to offer close to the maximum possible nonlinearity per unit length in this glass type is described. A value of γ = 1860 W −1 · km −1 at a wavelength of 1.55 µm is achieved, which is believed to be a record for any fiber at this wavelength. Second, the design and fabrication of a fiber with a slightly reduced nonlinearity but with dispersion-shifted characteristics tailored to enhance broadband supercontinuum (SC) generation when pumped at a wavelength of 1.06 µm-a wavelength readily generated using Yb-doped fiber lasers-are described. SC generation spanning more than 1000 nm is observed for modest pulse energies of ∼ 100 pJ using a short length of this fiber. Finally, the results of numerical simulations of the SC process in the proposed fibers are presented, which are in good agreement with the experimental observations and highlight the importance of accurate control of the zero-dispersion wavelength (ZDW) when optimizing such fibers for SC performance.

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Silicon photonics is being extended from the near-infrared window of 1.3-1.5 µm for optical fiber communications to the mid-infrared (mid-IR) wavelength-band of 2 µm or longer for satisfying the increasing demands in many applications. Mid-IR waveguide photodetectors on silicon have attracted intensive attention as one of the indispensable elements for various photonic systems. However, when combining traditional semiconductor materials with silicon, there are some challenges due to lattice mismatch and thermal expansion mismatch. As an alternative, two-dimensional (2D) materials provide a new and promising option for enabling active photonic devices on silicon. Here black-phosphorus (BP) thin films with optimized medium thicknesses (40 nm) are introduced as the active material for light absorption and silicon/BP hybrid ridge waveguide photodetectors at 2 µm are demonstrated with a high responsivity of 306.7 mA W −1 at a low bias voltage of 0.4 V. The 3 dB-bandwidth is up to 1.33 GHz and an experiment of a 4.0 Gbit s −1 data receiving is also demonstrated.

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Abstract:We report the fabrication of a large mode area tellurite holey fiber from an extruded preform, with a mode area of 3000μm 2 . Robust single-mode guidance at 1.55μm was confirmed by both optical measurement and numerical simulation. The propagation loss was measured as 2.9dB/m at 1.55μm. A broad and flat supercontinuum from 0.9 to 2.5μm with 6mW output was obtained with a 9cm length of this fiber.