The Cross‐track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) and the Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS) instruments aboard the Suomi National Polar‐orbiting Partnership satellite provide high‐quality hyperspectral infrared and microwave observations to retrieve atmospheric vertical temperature and moisture profiles (AVTP and AVMP) and many other environmental data records (EDRs). The official CrIS and ATMS EDR algorithm, together called the Cross‐track Infrared and Microwave Sounding Suite (CrIMSS), produces EDR products on an operational basis through the interface data processing segment. The CrIMSS algorithm group is to assess and ensure that operational EDRs meet beta and provisional maturity requirements and are ready for stages 1–3 validations. This paper presents a summary of algorithm optimization efforts, as well as characterization and validation of the AVTP and AVMP products using the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) analysis, the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) retrievals, and conventional and dedicated radiosonde observations. The global root‐mean‐square (RMS) differences between the CrIMSS products and the ECMWF show that the AVTP is meeting the requirements for layers 30–300 hPa (1.53 K versus 1.5 K) and 300–700 hPa (1.28 K versus 1.5 K). Slightly higher RMS difference for the 700 hPa‐surface layer (1.78 K versus 1.6 K) is attributable to land and polar profiles. The AVMP product is within the requirements for 300–600 hPa (26.8% versus 35%) and is close in meeting the requirements for 600 hPa‐surface (25.3% versus 20%). After just one year of maturity, the CrIMSS EDR products are quite comparable to the AIRS heritage algorithm products and show readiness for stages 1–3 validations.
We made an experimental vicarious calibration of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Airborne Simulator (MAS) thermal infrared (TIR) channel data acquired in the field campaign near Mono Lake, Calif. on 10 March 1998 to demonstrate the advantage of using high-elevation sites in dry atmospheric conditions for vicarious calibration. With three lake-surface sites and one snow-field site, we estimated the MAS noise-equivalent temperature difference as 0.7-1.0 degrees C for bands 30-32 in the 3.68-4.13-microm region and 0.1-0.5 degrees C for bands 42, 45, 46, and 48 in the 8-13.5-microm region. This study shows that the MAS calibration error is within +/-0.4 degrees C in the split-window channels (at 11 and 12 microm) and larger in other TIR channels based on the MAS data over Mono Lake and in situ measurement data over the snow-field site.
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