Gardenia yellow was extracted from fructus Gardeniae using water as extracting solvent by means of ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE). The effects of ratio of water to raw material, exaction time and temperature were investigated by single factor and orthogonal experiments. The results showed that the optimal extraction parameters were the extraction temperature of 40°C, ratio of water to raw material of 6:1, and time of 40 min. Under the conditions, the yield of gardenia yellow was 95.15% and the OD value was 1.51. The ratio of water to raw material had the most prominent effect on the process of UAE, followed by the time and then the temperature according to the statistical analysis of orthogonal experiments. Compared with traditional methods, UAE showed a better effect on the extraction efficiency of gardenia yellow from fructus Gardeniae at lower temperature as well as in a shorter time with higher yield when using water instead of organic solvents as extracting solvent.
During maintenance of ancient timber architectures, it is important to determine mechanical properties of the wood component materials non-destructively and effectively, so that degraded members may be replaced or repaired to avoid structural failure. Experimental materials are four larch (Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr.) components, which were taken down from the drum-tower of Zhengjue Temple of Yuanmingyuan (Old Summer Palace), Beijing, China. The larch components were cut into standard specimens first, and then stress wave transmission times, resistograph and densities were tested. Product of resitograph and stress wave speed squared is defined as modulus of stress-resistograph. Comparing with the modulus of elasticity (MOE) of the specimens tested by the traditional bending test method, it is found that there is a linear relationships between the modulus of stress-resistograph and modulus of elasticity (MOE), and the correlation coefficients are 0.7111. In order to better evaluate the modulus of elasticity (MOE) with the modulus of stress-resistograph, 95% confidence regression lines are suggested to be used for the future calculation.
The digital PID controller system for magnetic bearing was described in this paper which combined Matlab technique with simulation of the magnetic bearing control to reach the influence of parameters of digital PID controller for magnetic bearing control system. The application of the expansion coefficient critical proportion for turning parameters of digital PID controller can achieve better results. Finally, provide a simple and efficient method for numerical controller of magnetic bearing.
This paper reports an in situ inspection project conducted on heavy timber structures of a century-old industrial building at a paper manufacturing facility. A nondestructive inspection procedure was employed to evaluate the true condition of the heavy timbers that serve as the main framing structure of the building. The on-site investigation involved monitoring of the microclimate environment resulting from the paper machine operations, wood species identification, wood moisture content measurements, and internal decay detection using sounding, stress wave timing, and resistance micro-drilling methods. The testing results revealed that numerous locations were in poor condition indicated by widespread internal and external deterioration, reduced cross-sections from fire damages, and multiple failed members. Many timber members in the first floor exhibited a very high level of moisture condition (23 to 55%) as a result of high humidity air created by the paper making operations. This paper also showcases a new way of interpreting the evaluation results as straightforward as possible to the customer by creating 3D model-drawings and colored condition mappings.
Digital control circuit for the hardware components, the impact of parameters on the control precision is analyzed. The digital control model is derived according to the requirements control of magnetic bearing system in this paper .Control accuracy and the prediction of control accuracy can be achieved by he theoretical estimates when numerical control system is given .For the future, it provides a simple and efficient method for estimating control accuracy of numerical controller.
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