A new species, Petrocosmea nanchuanensis Z.Y. Liu, Z.Y. Li & Z.J. Qiu from Mt. Jinfo at Banhe valley of Nanchuan District in Chongqing Municipality (China) is described and illustrated for the first time. Even though this new species is similar to Petrocosmea barbata, it has several significant morphological differences, which includes smaller leaves, repand leaf margin, densely appressed longer pubescences on both surfaces of leaves, larger flower with length of its lower lips about three times longer than that of the upper lips, oblong lower lip lobes, shorter pistil, ovate anthers and styles that are shortly pubescent or approximately glabrous above the middle. The distinct features of P. nanchuanensis and four relative species namely, P. barbata, P. longipedicellata, P. cavaleriei and P. xanthomaculata were also represented in depth. However, P. nanchuanensis is most closely related to P. barbata, based on molecular studies.
Background:
Nanopharmaceuticals have rapidly emerged as a means to cure several diseases. There
are numerous reports describing the development and application of nanopharmaceuticals. Here, we discussed
nanoparticle synthesis and the mechanisms to scavenge free radicals. We also discuss their major properties and
list several commercially available nanomedicines.
Results:
Reactive oxygen and hydrogen species are formed during normal metabolism, and excessive reactive
species can damage proteins, lipids, and DNA and cause disease. Plant- and microbe-based nanoparticles, which
can protect tissues from free radical damage, have recently gained research momentum because they are inexpensive
and safe.
Conclusion:
Synthetic and biocompatible nanoparticles exhibit antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and
anticancer properties, which can be used to treat several diseases. Further studies are needed to investigate their
sizes, dose-dependent activities, and mechanisms of action.
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