The dechlorination of alkyl and aryl (poly)-chlorides is rapid and complete upon treatment with a new reduction system consisting of NaH as reagent, Ni-Al clusters as catalyst and tBuOH as catalytic co-factor. The high efficiency of this combination is presumed to be due to the stabilization of the subnanometre nickel particles formed during reduction by the in-situgenerated alkoxide.
The preparation of a new nickel(0)/Al 2 O 3 catalyst for hydrogenation reactions is described. The nickel(0)/Al 2 O 3 catalysts were prepared by impregnation of alumina with a solution of a nickel(II) salt. After drying, the nickel(II) salt was reduced under mild conditions into nickel(0) using t-BuONa-activated sodium hydride in tetrahydrofuran at 65°C. The nickel(0)/Al 2 O 3 catalysts obtained were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The supported catalysts were successfully used in solution-phase hydrogenation of double and triple bonds. Although the activity of the nickel(0)/Al 2 O 3 is comparable to nonsupported nickel(0) reagents, it has the advantage of being reusable more than ten times with only a slight decrease of reactivity.
Here we describe a new chemical route for obtaining nanometer-sized gold(0) particles with a narrow size distribution and a band gap of 1.45 eV. The synthetic method is based on the reduction of AuBr3 with t-BuOLi activated LiH in dioxane. The single-phase process developed allows the production of large quantities of stable thiol-uncapped gold(0) nanoparticles. These clusters were further used for the production of monodisperse Au nanoparticles with controlled surface properties through ligand exchange with 1-dodecanethiol or 1-decylamine.
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