Objetivo Proporcionar valores de referencia del Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) en adultos y adultos mayores en el País Vasco, identificando puntos de corte para medir la fragilidad y comparar los valores con otras poblaciones de España. Emplazamiento Bilbao capital, País Vasco (España). Participantes 1.923 personas mayores de 60 años incluidos en el Programa de Salud para Personas Mayores del Ayuntamiento de Bilbao participaron en el estudio. El programa de actividad física (AF) se impartió dos veces por semana durante un mínimo de 12 semanas, con sesiones de 50 minutos. Mediciones principales Se evaluó a los participantes con la prueba SPPB que evalúa: equilibrio (PE), velocidad de la marcha en 4 m (PM) y la fuerza a través de la prueba de levantarse y sentarse de la silla (PS). Según el resultado obtenido de todas las pruebas, se identificó la funcionalidad de las personas en: limitación grave (cero a cuatro puntos), moderada (cuatro a seis puntos), leve (siete a nueve puntos) y mínima (10 a 12 puntos). Resultados Edad media 77,9 (5,6) años, siendo el 87,9% mujeres y el 12,1% hombres. La batería SPPB mostro diferencias significativas en la edad (p = 0,000) y género (p = 0,005) Además, se realizó una comparación con una población similar: 70 a 75 años = 0,6 ( d de Cohen), 76 a 79 años = 0,98 ( d de Cohen) y >80 años = 0,98 ( d de Cohen). Conclusiones El presente estudio señala los valores normativos para SPPB. La funcionalidad de las personas disminuye a medida que avanza la edad. A pesar de los hallazgos actuales que los profesionales de la salud disponen para una detección más eficaz de la fragilidad, muchos de ellos aún no se han traducido a la práctica clínica.
Strength training is currently the most recommended primary therapeutic strategy to prevent and reverse the decline of muscle mass, strength, and functional deterioration associated with age. The aim is to provide reference values of handgrip strength (HGS) in the Basque Country population and compare the values with other populations. A total of 1869 subjects from the health-promoting programme for adults and older adults run by the Bilbao City Council were assessed using HGS with a digital dynamometer and anthropometric data measured by Tanita to obtain the mean values according to age distribution. From the 1869 subjects, 87.5% were women and 12.5% men. The HGS was higher among men than women, 32.4 ± 6.6 versus 20.1 ± 4.7 kg, respectively, p < 0.001 at all ages. Weak HGS cut-off points by age groups ranged from 31.0 to 23.8 and from 18.9 to 12.4 in men and women, respectively. The sample data were compared (d, t, and α) with those of other populations in all age groups (group > 60 years at 95% df, p < 0.05). A health-promoting programme appears to be effective in the general population in obtaining better values in the HGS test as age increases.
There is strong evidence to support the association between daily physical activity and sleep parameters in children and adolescents. Physical activity and outdoor play are favourably associated with most sleep outcomes in school children. The aim is to find out the levels of physical activity and the quality of sleep in Basque schoolchildren aged between six and seventeen and to analyse the possible differences between those who carry out some kind of physical sports activity and those who do not. The sample consisted of 1082 schoolchildren (50.1% male and 49.9% female). Differences between groups were compared using the Mann–Whitney U test (2 samples) and Kruskal–Wallis one-factor ANOVA (k samples). A total of 723 (66.94%) of the participants said they practiced some physical sports activity. The accelerometers obtained significant differences in all levels of physical activity, as well as in sleep efficiency, with higher levels of physical activity (sedentary p = 0.001; light p = 0.017; moderate p = 0.009; vigorous p = 0.001 and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity p = 0.002) and better sleep efficiency (p = 0.002) in those schoolchildren who perform some type of physical sports activity. A significant difference in time spent in sedentary activities was also observed between primary and secondary school pupils of both sexes and regardless of the degree of physical sports activity completion.
Background Physical inactivity and sedentary behavior are increasingly common problems in the general population, which can lead to overweight, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and decreased motor and cognitive capacity among children and adolescents. Establishing healthy habits in childhood on the basis of the World Health Organization’s 2020 Physical Activity Guidelines is essential for proper physical, motor, and cognitive development. Objective The primary aim of this study is to describe the level of physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior, and sleep of the child and adolescent population from 6 to 17 years of age in the Basque Autonomous Community (BAC). Our secondary aim is to establish a starting point for future research and intervention protocols to improve the existing reality. Methods This cross-sectional study aims to recruit 1111 children and adolescents, aged 6 to 17 years from the BAC in a representative random sample. Participants will wear the ActiGraph WGT3X-BT triaxial accelerometer for 7 consecutive days in their nondominant wrist, and fill out a habit diary log of PA, mobility, and sleep routine. PA intensities, sedentary behavior, and sleep parameters (total bedtime, total sleep time, and sleep efficiency) will be calculated from raw accelerometer data using SPSS (IBM Corp). Participants will be randomly selected. Results The results of this study intend to demonstrate significant differences in PA levels in different age and gender groups since the volume of school PA in the BAC decreases as the age of the schoolchildren increases. The total study sample includes 1111 participants. In April 2021, up to 50% of the sample size was reached, which is expected to increase to 100% by April 2022. This sample will allow us to analyze, discuss, compare, and assess the reality of the school population, in a sensitive period of adherence to behavior patterns, using data from the geographical and administrative area of the BAC. This study will provide a realistic insight into PA levels among children and adolescents in the BAC. It will also offer scientific contributions on the positive relationship between PA levels and sleep quality in this population. Conclusions This study might highlight the need for the promotion of cross-sectional policies so that children and adolescents may increase their levels of PA, thus improving both the school environment and positive healthy behavior. Trial Registration ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN65573865; https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN65573865 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/31325
La práctica de ejercicio físico ha sido asociada a un menor riesgo de desarrollo y recurrencia del cáncer. Asimismo, estudios previos sugieren que el ejercicio es eficaz para reducir el riesgo de desarrollar alteraciones metabólicas. Por lo tanto, esta investigación pretende evaluar los efectos de un programa de ejercicio combinado de 12 semanas sobre la reducción de los niveles de hemoglobina glicada (HbA1c) en pacientes con cáncer. Para ello, 22 pacientes no diabéticos fueron asignados aleatoriamente a una intervención de ejercicio combinado de 12 semanas o al grupo control. Se realizaron evaluaciones iniciales y a los 3 meses para valorar los cambios en los niveles de HbA1c, la grasa y la masa musculoesquelética de los 22 participantes que completaron el estudio. Analizando la muestra hubo mejoras significativas en los niveles de HbA1c (p=0,033). Además, cuando se excluyeron los mayores de 65 años, las diferencias fueron mayores (p=0,017). Aunque no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre las reducciones de los sujetos con diferentes niveles basales de HbA1c, los que tenían niveles más altos redujeron los valores en un 6,8% y los que tenían niveles normales en un 3,6%. Además, no se encontró ninguna correlación entre las reducciones de la HbA1c y los cambios en la composición corporal. Esta intervención de ejercicio combinado de 12 semanas dio lugar a una reducción de los niveles de HbA1c, pero este cambio no se asoció con los cambios en la composición corporal. Palabras clave: Oncología, Ejercicio, Composición Corporal, Entrenamiento Concurrente, Glucosa, Hemoglobina Glicada. Abstract. Exercise has been associated with lower risk of cancer development and recurrence. Studies suggest that exercise is effective in reducing the risk of developing metabolic alterations. Due to the inconclusive results of previous studies, this research aims to evaluate the effects of a 12-week concurrent exercise programme on the reduction of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in cancer patients. 22 non-diabetic patients were randomly assigned to a 12-week combined exercise intervention or to the control group. Baseline and 3-month assessments were performed to evaluate changes in HbA1c, fat and musculoskeletal mass for the 22 participants who completed the study. Analyzing the sample there were significant improvements in HbA1c (p=0.033), when excluding those over 65 years of age, the differences were greater (p=0.017). Although no significant differences were found between the reductions of subjects with different baseline HbA1c levels, those with higher levels reduced values by 6.8% and those with normal levels by 3.6%. Furthermore, no correlation was found between reductions in HbA1c and changes in body composition. This 12-week combined exercise intervention resulted in a reduction in HbA1c levels, but this change was not associated with changes in body composition. Key Words: Oncology, Exercise, Body Composition, Concurrent Training, Glucose, Glycated Hemoglobin.
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