MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) belong to a class of small non‐coding regulatory RNAs that act through repression of protein expression at post‐transcriptional level and emerge to play important roles in many physiological and pathophysiological processes. MiR‐146a is a miRNA supposed to regulate innate immune, inflammatory response and antiviral pathway negatively. In this review, we focus on the recent progress in functional role of miR‐146a in innate immune, inflammatory response, virus infection and human diseases. Together, these findings indicate that manipulation of miR‐146a expression may represent a potential new therapy for several human diseases. Potential use of miR‐146a as a biomarker for disease diagnosis, prevention and treatment is also discussed.

This is the first study using a large number of VPA TDM records to investigate the change in VPA levels caused by concomitant use of MEPM. Our results imply that the decrease in drug concentration cannot be reversed by increasing VPA dose. Moreover, MEPM daily dose did not influence the drop in VPA plasma level. At least 7 days are required for the recovery of VPA plasma concentration after discontinuation of MEPM.