n-3 fatty acids rate oil has, the more benefit for body. Meanwhile, it s also confirmed that ALA can be converted into eicosapentaenoic acid EPA and docosahexaenoic acid DHA through desaturase in vivo with low conversion rate 4 . Besides, an in vitro assay confirmed that peony oil is a more potent scavenger of free radicals than extra virgin olive oil 3 . In 2011, the ninth document of the Ministry of Health issued in China listed purple peony and Fengdan as a new food resource 5 . In addition, peony occupies a low acreage of cropland given that it is usually grown in mountainous regions and has a long cultivation history and a wide planting range in Heze, Shandong, Luoyang, Henan, and other places. Previous studies demonstrate that the peony can be developed as an emerging woody plant resource for dietary supplementation. Oil species are plants especially with oil contents of more than 8 6 . Oil plants Abstract: Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the effects of extraction parameters including time, power, temperature and liquid-to-solid ratio on peony seed oil yield. Box-Behnken design (BBD) was employed for optimization of extraction parameters in oil yield that extracted assisting by ultrasonic while petroleum ether as solvent. The chemical composition of peony seed oil under optimal condition in ultrasonic-assisted extract method was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The optimal conditions were that extraction time 45 min, extraction temperature 45℃, extraction power 90 W and liquid-to-solid ratio 7:1, respectively. Under this condition, the extraction yield value was 33.90% which was with 95% confidence level, hence indicated the reliability of RSM in optimizing ultrasonic-assisted extraction of oil from Paeonia suffruticosa Andr. seed. Three unsaturated fatty acid of peony oil such as n-3 α-linolenic acid (39.75%), n-6 linoleic acid (26.32%) and the oleic acid (23.66%), totally more than 89.00% was determined at optimum condition.
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