1523the first excited state in Ni 61 , both of which have been tentatively assigned a spin 7/2~ on the questionable basis of the angular distribution of proton group 4. The (n,y) measurements show a strong transition to one of these states and the positron decay from Cu 61 to the other is believed 10 to be allowed. Both of these observations are in disagreement with the 7/2 spin assignments. Whether these discrepancies can be attributed to the presence of one or more states which have not as yet been observed, to the presence of cascade gamma rays in the (n,y) measurements, or to some other defect in our analysis, is not known at this time. V. CROSS SECTIONSFrom the known values of integrated deuteron beam current, target thickness, and solid angle subtended by the detecting plates, it is possible to obtain the cross The beta spectra and gamma rays of the isotopes Tm 170 , Pr 142 , and Rb 86 have been examined with various types of spectrometers. An intermediate-image beta-ray spectrometer with a 10 percent transmission and a 5.5 percent resolution was used to examine the total and coincidence beta spectra. Total beta spectra were also studied with a thin-lens spectrometer set to about two percent resolution. Gamma rays were also studied with a scintillation spectrometer.The results of the investigation indicate that the 125-day activity of Tm 170 has two beta groups with maximum energies of 970±2 kev and 886±9 kev. Their respective intensities are about 78 percent and 22 percent, and their respective log ft values are approximately 9.0 and 9.1. Both beta groups are assigned as first forbidden transitions with A7=rbl, "y e s." The single observed gamma ray of Tm 170 is assigned as an E2 transition with an energy of 84.1 ±0.4 kev.The 19.2-hr activity of Pr 142 has two beta groups with maximum energies of 2166±6 kev and 586±15 kev. The 2166-kev beta group has a log ft value of about 7.8 and the 586-kev beta group has a log ft value of about 7.1. The log[(WV-1)//] value of the 2166-kev beta group is 10.2. The intensities for the 2166-kev and
Thermal oil recovery was first initiated in Trintopec's operations in 1966, with a small cyclic pilot project in the Company's Palo Seco field, Since that inception, twentyseven (27) years of thermal recovery, comprising both cyclic and flood-type operations, have witnessed vigorous growth and dynamic expansion to the extent that, by 1993, the thennal recovery statistics of Trintopec's portion of the now overall Company's (Petrotrin's) operations are as follows:•Steamflooding operations exist in all the major land fields, viz.: Palo Seco, Central Los Bajos, Guapo, Fyzabad and Apex-Quarry ICooraiQuarry,• Production from thermal recovery averages 7,500 bopd, representing 50% of current land production,• A total of approximately 40,000 bspd is being supplied by twenty-three (23) steam generators to more that one hundred and fifty (150) injectors.This paper presents highlights of Trintopec's experiences in the design, implementation and operation of its thermal oil recovery schemes, New concepts, innovations, modelling and monitoring techniques over the past twentyseven (27) years are outlined.
Aims The aim of this study was to determine surgical trainees’ perspective regarding team environment, function, performance, and trust. Methods A 44-point, anonymous survey was distributed to all doctors working in surgery in a single UK Statutory Education Body with responses received from 116 (n = 17 Foundation Year 1 (FY1), n = 50 Senior House Officer (SHO), n = 49 Specialist Registrar (SpR)). Results Psychological safety was associated with trainee grade; SHO perception of support (60.4%, n = 29), FY1 (88.2%, n = 15), SpR (82.4%, n = 42), p = 0.016; and ability to ask for help: SHO (70.8%, n = 34), FY1 (100.0%, n = 17), SpR (92.2%, n = 47 p = 0.043). Dependability among colleagues was perceived to be poorer by women (69.8%, n = 30) than men (87.5%, n = 63, p = 0.009). Clarity of team structure was associated with grade and perceived to be poor by SHOs (60.4%, n = 29) vs. FY1 (94.1%, n = 16) vs. SpR (78.4%, n = 40), p = 0.014. Meaningfulness and impact of team achievement was associated with grade: SHO (68.8%, n = 33) vs. FY1 (76.5%, n = 13) vs. SpR (94.1%, n = 48), p = 0.005. Inverse correlations were observed between the prevalence of harassment/bullying and markers of psychological safety (rho -0.382, p < 0.001), dependability (rho -0.270, p = 0.003), and clarity of team structure (rho -0.355, p < 0.001). Conclusion Important deficiencies in psychological safety impacted two in five of SHOs adversely. Countermeasures (Enhanced Surgical Resilience Training) are needed to protect morale, patient safety, and clinical outcomes.
Aims Bibliometric and Altmetric evaluation identify the most cited publications which have historically shaped the development of Economic Analysis (EA). Methods Thomson Reuters Web of Science was used to identify EA’s 100 most cited articles (search terms “economic analys*”, “cost-effectiveness analys*”, “cost-benefit analys*” or “cost-utility analys*”, alongside “medic*” or “surg*”) which were examined by topic, journal, author, year, institution, and Altmetric Score (AS). Results Articles numbering 9,895 were returned: median citation number 293 (interquartile range (IQR) 240-539). JAMA contributed most articles (n = 17) and citations (9,106). The country and year with most articles were the USA (n = 60), and 2003 (n = 9) respectively. The most ubiquitous topic was health economic methodology (n = 57). AS ranged from zero to 237.00 (median 8.00, IQR 3.00-20.75). Citation Rate Index increased in parallel with AS before and after 2006 (m = 0.29, m = 0.24), and before and after 2010 (m = 0.27) but with a higher initial gain (constant difference 13.1 and 15.1 respectively). Conclusion The most cited articles described effective tools for economic analyses with Altmetric Scores becoming increasingly influential in promoting citations. This review provides a reading list of the most influential references in this arena, and a guide to what constitutes citable medical economic research.
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