Degradation of the 3 pesticides (acephate, omethoate, and dimethyl dichloroviny phosphate [DDVP]) by electrolyzed water was investigated. These pesticides were commonly used as broad-spectrum insecticides in pest control and high-residual levels had been detected in vegetables. Our research showed that the electrolyzed oxidizing (EO) water (pH 2.3, available chlorine concentration:70 ppm, oxidation-reduction potential [ORP]: 1170 mV) and the electrolyzed reducing (ER) water (pH 11.6, ORP: -860 mV) can reduce the pesticide residues effectively. Pesticide residues on fresh spinach after 30 min of immersion in electrolyzed water reduced acephate by 74% (EO) and 86% (ER), omethoate by 62% (EO) and 75% (ER), DDVP by 59% (EO) and 46% (ER), respectively. The efficacy of using EO water or ER water was found to be better than that of using tap water or detergent (both were reduced by more than 25%). Besides spinach, the cabbage and leek polluted by DDVP were also investigated and the degradation efficacies were similar to the spinach. Moreover, we found that the residual level of pesticide residue decreased with prolonged immersion time. Using EO or ER water to wash the vegetables did not affect the contents of Vitamin C, which inferred that the applications of EO or ER water to wash the vegetables would not result in loss of nutrition.
-A bacterial isolate producing lipase, named S31, was isolated from soil and identified as a strain of Burkholderia cepacia. S31 produced high activity of lipase which reached a maximum of 226.1 U/ml by fermenting at 30 °C for 60 h under the induction of olive oil. After purification, the lipase showed a single band of about 35 kDa in SDS-PAGE. The optimum temperature of the lipase was 70 °C and the optimum pH was 9.0. S31 lipase was stable at 40-70 °C and pH 0.5-10.0, as well as in several organic solvents, such as methanol, n-hexane, n-butanol, toluene and ethyl acetate. The presence of some metal ions (Ca 2+ , Mn 2+ , K + , Na + and Mg 2+ ) could activate the enzyme whereas Fe 2+ and Cu 2+ were found to be inhibitory. The lipase could cleave all of the three ester bonds of triglycerides. We conclude that S31 lipase is an alkaline lipase with a variety of highly desirable characteristics for research and industrial application.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.