Background: Pyrotinib, an irreversible pan-ERBB inhibitor, has shown promising antitumour activity, and acceptable tolerability. This research was conducted to evaluate the actual use and effectiveness of pyrotinib in China, therefore, contributed to solve the problem of real-world data scarcity. Methods: In this retrospective study, 168 patients who received pyrotinib treatment for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) in Hunan Province from June Chen et al.

Purpose: Patients with HER2-positive (HER2+) metastatic breast cancer (MBC) have poor prognoses. Pyrotinib has shown promising antitumor activity in MBC patients to improve progression-free survival (PFS). However, findings based on real-world data to analyze whether pyrotinib affects overall survival (OS) remain scarce. Experimental design:This real-world study is an exploratory analysis of brain metastasis (BM) and the final update of our preceding study of 168 patients with HER2+ MBC. PFS, OS, tumor mutation burden (TMB), clinical benefit rate (CBR) and overall response rate (ORR) were analyzed.Results: Pyrotinib treatment led to a median PFS time of 8.00 months and a median OS of 19.07 months in the 168 participants. High TMB was associated with poor OS (P = 0.0072) and PFS (P = 0.0028). In the 39 patients with BM, the median PFS and OS were 8.67 and 13.93 months, respectively. The surgery/radiation (S/R) group of patients with BM had prolonged survival (PFS: 9.97 vs. 7.73 months P = 0.19; OS: 20.67 vs. 12.43 months P = 0.021) compared with the no surgery/no radiation group (NS/NR). The CBR was 58.6% (S/R) vs. 41.4% (NS/NR), while the ORR was 24.1% (S/R) vs. 31.0% (NS/NR). Conclusion:Pyrotinib shows promise as a novel pan-HER2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) for the treatment of BM and should be evaluated further. Surgical or radiotherapy in combination with pyrotinib was found to statistically improve OS in our cohort. TMB could be an exploratory biomarker for predicting PFS and OS, but its clinical application still needs further verification.

BackgroundRecent studies reported that miRNAs play important roles in the carcinogenesis and progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Therefore, further studies are warranted to better elucidate the function and mechanism of miRNAs in NPC.MethodsQuantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the miR-99a expression in NPC cell lines and tissue samples. Wound healing, transwell migration and invasion, and lung metastatic colonization assays were performed to determine NPC cell migratory, invasive and metastatic abilities of NPC cells. Luciferase reporter assays, quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to validate the target of miR-99a.ResultsWe found that miR-99a was significantly downregulated in NPC cell lines and tissue samples. Ectopic overexpression of miR-99a significantly inhibited NPC cell migration and invasion in vitro, and suppressed lung macroscopic and microscopic metastatic colonization in vivo. Conversely, silencing of miR-99a significantly promoted the migratory and invasive abilities of NPC cells. Furthermore, HOXA1 was validated as a direct target of miR-99a, and ectopic expression of HOXA1 could rescue the suppressive effect of miR-99a overexpression on NPC cell migration and invasion.ConclusionTogether, these results indicated that miR-99a could inhibit NPC invasion and metastasis by targeting HOXA1, thus providing a novel potential target for miRNA-based treatment for NPC patients in the future.

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