Conventional MR imaging and (1)H-MRS are important complementary tools in the diagnosis of neonatal bilirubin encephalopathy. The study provides important information for applying these MR modalities to evaluate neonates with bilirubin encephalopathy.

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(1) H-MRS is useful in the differential diagnosis of NBE from severe hyperbilirubinemia in neonates, especially when the symptoms of NBE are atypical (subtle) and MRI does not reveal clear abnormalities.

Total laparoscopic sigmoid vaginoplasty is a minimally invasive procedure with quick recovery and acceptable cosmetic effects. It is an ideal treatment for the congenital absence of the vagina.