Eosinophils, which may be associated with allergic, parasitic, or neoplastic disease, have a potent oxidative burst that may be activated by particulate or soluble stimuli. Eosinophils from normal persons and patients with hypereosinophilia were compared with respect to their ability to produce the active oxygen product, superoxide anion. Normal eosinophils produced large amounts of superoxide anion under resting conditions (0.53 +/- 0.15 nmoles cyto-c/10(5) eos/hr) and when stimulated by preopsonized zymosan (0.85 +/0 1.10 nmoles cyto-c/10(5) eos/hr) or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) (2.38 +/- 0.46 nmoles cyto- c/10(5) eos/hr). Considerable variation was observed in superoxide production by eosinophils from patients with hypereosinophilia. Eosinophils from a group of four patients with hypereosinophilia associated with neoplastic disease produced less superoxide anion than normal eosinophils when stimulated by preopsonized zymosan or PMA (p less than or equal to 0.05). Eosinophils from a group of 5 patients with other causes of hypereosinophilia produced more superoxide anion than normal eosinophils when stimulated by PMA (p less than or equal to 0.01). These studies demonstrate metabolic heterogeneity of eosinophils from patients with hypereosinophilia, and further emphasize that normal eosinophils and eosinophils from hypereosinophilic patients are not functionally equivalent.
Eosinophils, which may be associated with allergic, parasitic, or neoplastic disease, have a potent oxidative burst that may be activated by particulate or soluble stimuli. Eosinophils from normal persons and patients with hypereosinophilia were compared with respect to their ability to produce the active oxygen product, superoxide anion. Normal eosinophils produced large amounts of superoxide anion under resting conditions (0.53 +/- 0.15 nmoles cyto-c/10(5) eos/hr) and when stimulated by preopsonized zymosan (0.85 +/0 1.10 nmoles cyto-c/10(5) eos/hr) or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) (2.38 +/- 0.46 nmoles cyto- c/10(5) eos/hr). Considerable variation was observed in superoxide production by eosinophils from patients with hypereosinophilia. Eosinophils from a group of four patients with hypereosinophilia associated with neoplastic disease produced less superoxide anion than normal eosinophils when stimulated by preopsonized zymosan or PMA (p less than or equal to 0.05). Eosinophils from a group of 5 patients with other causes of hypereosinophilia produced more superoxide anion than normal eosinophils when stimulated by PMA (p less than or equal to 0.01). These studies demonstrate metabolic heterogeneity of eosinophils from patients with hypereosinophilia, and further emphasize that normal eosinophils and eosinophils from hypereosinophilic patients are not functionally equivalent.
Certain enzymes in tissues and body fluids may, through reversal of the detoxification process, influence the composition and availability of steroid hormones, toxins, and carcinogens. The ubiquitous enzyme beta-glucuronidase, which hydrolyzes glucuronide conjugates, thereby reversing one of the main detoxification and excretion pathways, was found to vary in concentration in different cysts over a 300-fold range. The distribution was a continuum, devoid of discrete sub-populations. Evidence obtained on selected cyst fluids of high and low beta-glucuronidase activities indicated that the level of the enzyme significantly influenced the ratio of unconjugated: glucuronidated estradiol. The patients with fibrocystic breast disease fell into 2 distinct subpopulations on the basis of their serum beta-glucuronidase activity. In one group the activity was near normal, while in the second group the average serum beta-glucuronidase activity was 3-fold higher than in the women who did not have benign breast disease.
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