Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas comprise a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by monoclonal proliferations of T-lymphocytes primarily involving skin, modified skin appendages and some mucosal sites. This review addresses the basic clinical, histologic and immunohistochemical characteristics of this group of diseases, with additional attention to evolving literature on dermoscopy, reflectance confocal microscopy, flow cytometry and molecular data that may increasingly be applied to diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms in these diseases. Select unusual phenotypes, or diagnostic examples of classic phenotypes are demonstrated, and flags for consideration while making a pathologic diagnosis of CTCL are suggested.
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