Abstract:The objectives of this study were to investigate the thermally activated building system (TABS) mechanism for appropriate use of the system and to apply the proper concept of TABS for each zone by using different TABS control strategies. In order to examine the TABS mechanism, dynamic simulation with EnergyPlus was used to model the office building with TABS, because the radiant heat exchange characteristics of the TABS according to the time variable was critical. The typical control concept of TABS, self-regulation, was applied in the simulation by setting the supply water temperature as room setpoint temperature. As a result, the advantage of self-regulation can be amplified by utilizing the entire thermal mass of the TABS, which can be executed by customizing to target a specific type of load. Since the large area of the office building may comprise different loads in different zones, the TABS control according to the different zone loads were proposed. By separating the control strategy from zone to zone, the proposed control strategy improved the thermal comfort by 5%, reduced peak heating load by 10%, reduced cooling load by 36%, and decrease the total energy consumption by 13%. This study demonstrated a possible improvement on self-regulation of TABS with separate zone controls.
The mechanism of high luminous efficiency discharges with high Xe content in an ac plasma display panel was analyzed by computer simulation using a two-dimensional fluid model. The model has reproduced well the experimental results. The high luminous efficiency with high Xe content is attributed to high electron heating efficiency as well as high excitation efficiency by electron. The electron heating efficiency is increased with increasing the sustaining voltage under high Xe content and this phenomenon was analyzed by investigating the cathode sheath and secondary electron emission characteristics.Index Terms-High Xe-contents, luminous efficiency, plasma display panel.
Li metal anodes are among the most promising options for next-generation batteries, exhibiting the highest theoretical capacity. However, irregular Li electrodeposition, which raises safety concerns, is a major obstacle in practical applications. Therefore, a fundamental understanding of the beginning phases of Li plating, such as nucleation and early growth, which have a decisive influence on the dendritic growth of Li, is essential. In this study, we investigated the early stage of Li plating at the single-particle level and its correlation with the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) using in situ liquid phase transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and cryogenic TEM. We observed contrasting nucleation dynamics and particle growth patterns in two electrolytes (1 M LiPF 6 in ethylene carbonate/diethyl carbonate and 1 M LiTFSI in 1,3dioxolane/dimethoxy ethane), which originate from different chemical and physical properties of the SEIs. Based on our findings, we propose a mechanism of nucleation and initial growth of Li dictated by the SEI.
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