Occupational injury rate of Korea recently slides slightly downward after stagnating around 0.7%'s for more than 10 years. To accelerate this trend ,injury prevention for small enterprises is crucially important because vast majority of injuries take place in small enterprises. Considering huge number of small enterprises, we need to focus our efforts to type of riskier industries. By analysing detailed injury data, we select type of industries which need our concentrated prevention efforts.Several preventive measures are recommended, after we made literature survey of case studies for small enterprises.The result identifies riskier type of industries including transportation machinery manufacturing industry type(B),woods & veneer manufacturing industry, etc. Safety of machinery, new enterprises less than 2 years in service and new employees serving less than 6 months are in need for focused prevention efforts. To cope with these vulnerable spots, recommended preventive measures include strengthening of machinery safety standards,early assistance for safety to new enterprises, mandatory safety education before employment, etc.
Forklift truck is a very convenient transportation vehicle and widely used in industries. However, a lot of overturn accidents occur during operation because of poor understanding on the stability of forklift trucks. The stability of a forklift is defined by the minimum slope of the ramp where a forklift truck overturns. According to the KS BISO 22915-2 code, the stability is determined from the four kinds of stability tests. The equations for the stability of a forklift truck were proposed already in several published literatures and the equations can be used conveniently to estimate the stability and examine the effects of design parameters in forklift trucks. However, because the detail derivation procedure was omitted, it is very difficult to examine the accuracy of the proposed equations and to modify the equations for other types of forklift trucks. In this paper the stability equations were derived again with detail derivations for the four kinds of stability tests. And the effects of acceleration or centrifugal forces were also additionally included in the equations and minor corrections were also made.
: A forklift truck, commonly used for transporting heavy materials in manufacturing industries, etc., is a useful machine. However accidents occur frequently during the operation of the machine. In order to prevent accidents it is necessary to examine the current safety regulations on a forklift truck. Because the regulations have not revised for a long time, they do not reflect the rapidly changing environment of industries. Proposed revision of standard on articles for forklift trucks was presented after analysing the causes of occurred injuries, comparing domestic standards with international standards and examining the survey results. We analyzed the safety regulation articles and the injuries according to the type of work conducted with forklift. The major differences in safety regulations between Korea and the major foreign countries were investigated. The opinions of field workers on the safety regulations were surveyed using e-mail or interview. As a result, it was found that preventing workers from contacting with the forklift is very important. To prevent accident due to movement of a stopped forklift, actions are necessary to prevent slip of a forklift. Also supervision is required to make workers fasten safety belt and to prohibit workers from using a forklift for undesignated purpose. 연구방법지게차에 의한 주요 재해 발생 업종을 파악하기 위해 최 근 3년간의 한국산업안전보건공단 재해 통계 자료를 활용
-There have been large explosions at some chemical plants recently. Accidents in chemical plants have been caused mainly by servicing for maintenance. There is a need to find a key target for effective injury prevention in maintenance. In this paper, facilities were selected as a key target and the risk priority numbers of the facilities were calculated in order to prioritize preventative measures.The research method was based on the followings; the list of the facilities is found through injury analysis. Then, the risk of each facility was calculated by the frequency of accidents and the working day loss through injuries. In addition, the risk of the facilities was calculated again by the frequency and the severity based on knowledge and experience of experts.As a result, the facilities in chemical plant maintenance are ranked in order of high to low risk priority number; reactor, dryer, tank lorry, etc. In the future, special measures and attention should be directed according to the risk priority number during the maintenance of chemical plants.
There has been an increase in fire/explosion accidents caused by chemical substances used in new small/medium sized construction, reconstruction, or extension sites. There is vast room for improvement, especially in safety training, safety inspection, and selection of countermeasures because training, technicality, and management systems regarding fire·explosion risks in small/medium sized construction sites are very immature in most cases. The purpose of this study is to propose a differentiated technical, educational, and management application plan for preventative management of fire·explosion accidents caused by chemical substances used in small/medium sized construction sites.
Electrical apparatuses for use in the presence of explosive gas atmospheres have to be special designed to prevent them from igniting the explosive gas. Flameproof design implies that electrical components producing electrical sparks are contained in enclosures and withstand the maximum pressure of internal gas or vapours. In addition, any gaps in the enclosure wall have to designed in such a way that they will not transmit a gas explosion inside the enclosure to an explosive gas or vapours atmosphere outside it. In this study, we explained some of the most important physical mechanism of Maximum Experimental Safe Gap(MESG) that the jet of combustion products ejected through the flame gap to the external surroundings do not have an energy and temperature large enough to initiate an ignition of external gas or vapours. We measured the MESG and maximum explosion pressure of propane and acetylene by the test method and procedure of IEC 60079-20-1:2010.When the minimum MESG is measured, the concentration of propane, acetylene in the air is higher than the stoichiometric point and their explosion pressure is the highest value.
Notorious press machine bothers employers by causing so many industrial accidents which are mostly of caught-in or between type. In 2008, press machines caused 1665 cases of such type of accidents, which reached about 11% of all those. Even though various approaches has been adopted to prevent those press machine accidents, up to now, no one was found to be satisfactory. In this study, two kinds of companies, accident-occurred and accident-free by press machine, were surveyed to find out positive and negative factors for accidents prevention. 400 companies which experienced accidents in 2008 and 200 companies which did not experience accident at all during the same period were selected for this survey. Most of these companies are small companies that employ less than 50 employees. Even though small companies are exempted from legal obligations to have a safety management system for accident prevention, we surveyed about safety management systems of those companies because of its crucial importance for accident prevention including whether they appointed safety managers and various supervisors. Awareness and efforts for safety of employers and employees were also measured. Results were analysed by the method of cross tabulation analysis. Main findings of this study are as follows. Most accident-occurred companies did not appoint any safety manager or supervisor. While it is recommended that the workplace of high accident rate have a safety manager. In addition, as less employers' effort for safety was made in accident-occurred companies in order to prevent accidents during press processing, the author proposes an amendment to the relevant law. Finally, the most referred reason for the negligence of hazard is the cumbersomeness in installing safeguards.
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