A mathematical model is developed for a batch reactor in which binary free radical copolymerization occurs. The diffusion-controlled features of the propagation and termination reactions are taken into account by applying the free volume theory, whereas the chain-length-dependent termination rate constant is formulated by using the continuous probability function. Application of the pseudokinetic rate constant method, as well as the terminal model, reduces the complex rate expressions for the copolymerization system to those for the corresponding homopolymerization system. In addition, the moment equations of the living and dead polymer concentrations, as well as the equation for copolymer composition, are derived to compute the average molecular weight and the copolymer composition. The model is proven adequate when applied to the copolymerization system of styrene and acrylonitrile with AIBN(2,2 -azobisisobutyronitrile) initiator. The results of model prediction clearly show that even the propagation reaction is limited by the diffusion of monomers at higher conversion and that the azeotropic fraction of styrene is about 0.6. It is noticed that as the monomer conversion increases, the molecular weight distribution tends to become broader because the weight-average molecular weight increases at a faster rate than the numberaverage molecular weight.
A mathematical model is developed for solution copolymerization in a continuous stirred tank reactor. For the thermal copolymerization of styrene and acrylonitrile (SAN), the kinetic rate expression for thermal initiation is derived by applying the pseudo-steady-state hypothesis to the intermediates, and the kinetic parameters are estimated by experimental investigation. The moment equations of living and dead polymer concentrations are derived by applying the pseudokinetic rate constant method. The model is used to calculate the conversion, the copolymer composition, the weight-average molecular weight, and the polydispersity. It is demonstrated that this model can predict the industrial data very well under various operating conditions. The dynamic analysis of the reaction system enables us to determine the polymer properties against the changes in the operation parameters. It is noticed that the monomer conversion is controlled to some extent by the reaction temperature and the feed monomer fraction. The monomer conversion control of a solution copolymerization reactor is treated with different control algorithms. The fuzzy/proportional-integralderivative controller shows satisfactory performances for both setpoint tracking and disturbance rejection and can be easily applied to continuous polymerization processes.
A mathematical model is developed for a batch reactor in which binary free radical copolymerization occurs. The diffusion-controlled features of the propagation and termination reactions are taken into account by applying the free volume theory, whereas the chain-length-dependent termination rate constant is formulated by using the continuous probability function. Application of the pseudokinetic rate constant method, as well as the terminal model, reduces the complex rate expressions for the copolymerization system to those for the corresponding homopolymerization system. In addition, the moment equations of the living and dead polymer concentrations, as well as the equation for copolymer composition, are derived to compute the average molecular weight and the copolymer composition. The model is proven adequate when applied to the copolymerization system of styrene and acrylonitrile with AIBN(2,2azobisisobutyronitrile) initiator. The results of model prediction clearly show that even the propagation reaction is limited by the diffusion of monomers at higher conversion and that the azeotropic fraction of styrene is about 0.6. It is noticed that as the monomer conversion increases, the molecular weight distribution tends to become broader because the weight-average molecular weight increases at a faster rate than the numberaverage molecular weight.
In this paper the flow dynamics of the flue gas equipment in the desulfurization system was numerically analyzed by simulating the problems for the turbulent and combustion flow from Induced Draft Fan(I.D.Fan) outlet to Booster Up Fan(B.U.Fan) inlet using the commercial CFD software of CFD-ACE+ in CFDRC company for Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis. The guide vane of this section was examined for the minimum pressure loss and the uniform flow dynamic to•제1저자: 황우현 •교신저자: 이경옥
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