The experiment was conducted at Malle district of South Omo zone during 2017 and 2018 main maize cropping season with objective of evaluating the effect of integrated weed management techniques for controlling Cyperus rotundus in the study area. In the experiment, the maize variety BH140 was used. Field experiments were conducted with four treatments by a randomized complete block design with four replications. The result indicated that the highest C. rotundus population was recorded from treatments with farmer practices while due to herbicidal action the initial emerged C. rotundus weed population was low on Dual Gold 960 EC treated plots; however, in the later stage of crop growth the weed type converted to broad leaved species which have huge impact on the yield of the crop. The highest grain yield was obtained from plots under double hand weeding while the lowest grain yield was recorded from Dual Gold 960 EC treated plots. This result implies that the double hand weeding help to reduce the weed population and improves the crop performance while single herbicide treatment only control C. rotundus and broad leave weed species but cause huge decline in grain yield. From the above results, it was concluded that hand weeding at 21 and 35 days after sowing gives higher yield in comparison to other treatments, so, this practice was recommended for the effective management of C. rotundus in Malle district.
Common bacterial blight, caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli, is an economically important disease of common bean and causes significant yield losses in Ethiopia. A field survey was conducted to understand the spatial distribution, relative importance and association of common bacterial blight epidemics with agro-ecological factors in low and mid-land areas of Southwestern, Ethiopia, during the 2018-19 cropping season. A total 85 bean fields were assessed in four common bean growing districts. High diseases incidence and severity was recorded at Debub Ari (77.6 and 52.7%, respectively) while the lowest was from Male (38.5 and 28.0%, respectively). The associations between disease parameters and agro-ecological factors were analyzed using multiple logistic regression models. Agronomic practices including NPS fertilization, preceding crop, weed management and plant population had highly significant (P<0.0001) association with both disease incidence and severity. Also, altitude, seed source and cropping system significantly (P<0.05) influenced disease severity while cropping pattern showed significant (P<0.05) association with disease incidence in the reduced model. Higher mean disease severity (≥40%) had high probability of association with district, absence of NPS fertilization, poor weed management practice, and preceding crops, than their counter parts. Adequate NPS fertilization increases growth performance of the crop in turn decreases disease intensity, weed serve as alternate host for incoming inoculum and previous crops were source for inocula as well as crop rotation used as reduce inoculum load. Therefore, the present study showed that the disease is a major production constraint of common bean, and suggested proper nutrient and weed management practices, and crop rotation to reduce common bacterial blight in the study areas.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(1): 74-83, June 2021
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.