In aqueous, un-buffered solution at a potential where H þ is generated in a tetraethylorthosilicate sol, nm-scale deposits of silica on electrodes are formed. Inclusion of b-cyclodextrin in the sol promotes electrochemical activity, presumably by producing channels in the otherwise-passivating film. With the additional provision of inclusion of a redox mediator, Rh II , the electrochemical oxidation of a representative phospholipid (PL), phosphatidylcholine (PC), is demonstrated; the process occurs without the passivation that otherwise precludes the voltammetric determination of PLs. By cyclic voltammetry, current proportional to PC concentration in the range 1 -100 mM is achieved with the described electrode.
Aqueous foam drainage has been studied using terahertz (THz) spectroscopy. Water is highly absorbing of THz radiation, allowing drainage to be determined based on water content at respective foam height. These drainage profiles were validated using a model constructed from published equations and tailored to this specific study. In addition, a slow-draining foam was scanned to produce a two-dimensional foam image.
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