Amomum compactum Sol. ex Maton (Java cardamom) is widely cultivated across Southeast Asia as a spice and medicine. Confusion has surrounded this species both morphologically and nomenclaturally. The nomenclatural confusion between Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton and certain other names in Amomum is discussed, and the identity of A. compactum is clarified with respect to A. verum Blackw. More than one element of original material of A. compactum has been located and a lectotype is chosen. The identity of A. kepulaga Burkill & Sprague is discussed and a lectotype chosen.
Amomum spathilabium, a new species from Nan Province in northern Thailand, is described and illustrated. It is closely related to A. subcapitatum but differs in the labellum shape, anther crest shape and longer ligule. Details on distribution, ecology, etymology, and a preliminary conservation assessment are provided.
Six new species are described from Thailand: Wurfbainia ellipticarpa, W. geostachyoides, W. globosa, W. longiflora, W. parviflora and W. yingyongii. A line drawing and photographs, information on phenology, distribution, ecology and etymology, and a proposed IUCN conservation category are provided for each species. A key to the species of Wurfbainia in Thailand is also provided.
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