RAHMAH, KARTAWINATA, K., NISYAWATI, WARDHANA, W. & NURDIN, E. 2016. Tree species diversity in the lowland forest of the core zone of the Bukit Duabelas National Park, Jambi, Indonesia. Reinwardtia 15(1): 11 - 26. — An analysis of the composition and structure of a one-hectare plot of forest on a lowland hill slope in the eastern core zone of the Bukit Duabelas National Park, Jambi, was conducted in October and November 2012. The objective of the study was to obtain a descriptive account of the structure and tree species composition of a lowland forest in the eastern core zone of the park. The plot was divided into 100 subplots of (10 m × 10 m) each and the seedling subplots (5 m × 5 m) were nested in the sapling subplots. A total of 414 trees were recorded with DBH (Diameter at Breast Height) ?10 cm, representing 113 species and 38 families, with the total BA (Basal Area) of 25.71 m2 and Shannon- Wiener diversity index of 4.29. Prunus arborea with IV (Importance Value) of 19.19 is the dominant species and the other prevalent species were, Dracontomelon dao (IV =11.46) and Hydnocarpus sp. (IV =11.38). A total of 44 species (38.9%) had each density of 1 tree/ha, which may be considered locally rare. Ficus fistulosa had the highest density (24 trees/ha) and Prunus arborea had the highest BA (3.28 m2 = 12.8% of the total). Only 10 species had F (frequency) of 8-18%, of which Hydnocarpus sp. had the highest (18%); the remaining species had F<8%, which may be considered locally rare. Moraceae (IV= 34.05) was the dominant family. The two richest families were Moraceae (11) and Clusiaceae (9). A total of 61 species were registered in the Sumatra checklist and one of them was endemic (Baccaurea dulcis). A total of 13 species are listed in the IUCN Red List. The forest is a developing community after disturbance in the past with poor regeneration. Species with complete representation of trees, saplings and seedlings will probably remain in the forest in the future.
Understanding the essential contribution of eucalyptus plantation for industry development and climate change mitigation requires the accurate quantification of aboveground biomass at the individual tree species level. However, the direct measurement of aboveground biomass by destructive method is high cost and time consuming. Therefore, developing allometric equations is necessary to facilitate this effort. This study was designed to construct the specific allometric models for estimating aboveground biomass of Eucalyptus urophylla in East Nusa Tenggara. Forty two sample trees were utilized to develop allometric equations using regression analysis. Several parameters were selected as predictor variables, i.e. diameter at breast height (D), quadrat diameter at breast height combined with tree height (D2H), as well as D and H separately. Results showed that the mean aboveground biomass of E. urophylla was 143.9 ± 19.44 kg tree-1. The highest biomass were noted in stem (80.06%), followed by bark (11.89%), branch (4.69%), and foliage (3.36%). The relative contribution of stem to total aboveground biomass improved with the increasing of diameter class while the opposite trend was recorded in bark, branch, and foliage. The equation lnŶ = lna + b lnD was best and reliable for estimating the aboveground biomass of E. urophylla since it provided the highest accurate estimation (91.3%) and more practical than other models. Referring to these findings, this study concluded the use of allometric equation was reliable to support more efficient forest mensuration in E. urophylla plantation.
Takarina ND, Nurliansyah W, Wardhana W. 2019. Relationship between environmental parameters and the planktoncommunity of the Batuhideung Fishing Grounds, Pandeglang, Banten, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 171-180. Phytoplankton has a roleas primary producers and zooplankton as primary consumers in the marine environments. The composition of the plankton communityis dependent on the physical and chemical characteristics of the waters. The aim of the research described here was to analyze thecommunity structure of plankton in the Batuhideung Fishing Grounds, of Banten in Indonesia, and to relate this structure to the physicalparameters (sea surface temperature, clarity, current velocity) and chemical parameters (salinity, pH, DO, nitrate, phosphate) of its seasurroundings. The research was conducted three times at five observation stations from September to October 2017. Samples ofphytoplankton and zooplankton were taken horizontally using nets with mesh size of 80 μm and 133 μm, respectively. Results showedthat the sea surface temperature ranged from 28.70-30.20C, current velocity 0.10-1.30 m/s, clarity 7-10 m, salinity 30-34 g/L, DO 6.20-8.60 mg/L, pH 8.40-8.59, nitrate concentration 0.49-0.81 mg/L, and phosphate concentration 0.09-0.42 mg/L. There were 37 generafrom 4 classes of phytoplankton. The abundance of Bacillariophyta was 52,734 individuals/L, Myzozoa was 1,315 ind/L, Chyanophytawas 633 ind/L, and Euglenophyta was 200 ind/L. There were 35 genera from 12 classes of zooplankton, dominated by Copepods withabundance 82.1-91.4%. The diversity index of phytoplankton ranged from 1.25-2.02, evenness index ranged from 0.52-0.85, anddominance index ranged from 0.19-0.38. Based on multivariate cluster analysis, there were similar environmental parameters in stations1, 2 and 3, while stations 4 and 5 grouped differently from the other three. Based on Pearson's correlation analysis, current velocity andphosphate were positively correlated to phytoplankton abundance, whereas temperature, transparency, salinity, DO, pH, and nitrate werenegatively correlated, temperature significantly so. Nitrate, phosphate, salinity, DO were positively correlated with zooplanktonabundance but not significantly. Temperature, current velocity, clarity, and pH were negatively correlated with zooplankton abundance,but only with pH did the correlation reach statistical significance.
Microplastic in the marine ecosystem has become a growing global concern over the past decades. This research analyzed the abundance and type of microplastic in the blood cockle anadara granosa, water, and sediment from Lada Bay, Pandeglang, Banten, Indonesia. The sampling of the blood cockle, water and sediment were collected from 3 different stations. Digestive tracts and respiratory organs from blood cockle were destructed with HNO3 65 %, water and sediment samples were mixed into the concentrated NaCl solution. The results showed a microplastic abundance of 248.5 ± 3.81 particle/L in water, 169.200 ± 5.184 particle/kg in sediment and 618.8 ± 121.4 particles/individuals in the cockle. Besides, in blood cockle from the traditional markets, it was found 566.7 ± 133.1 particle/individuals microplastic. Fiber is the type of microplastic that was most commonly found in the samples of cockles (58.06 %), waters (61.23 %) and sediments (57.82 %). The river was indicated as a microplastic source to the sea. The station 3 in ± 60 m near the river mouth has a higher microplastic concentration with an average of 86.17 ± 2.36 particle/l.62666.67 ± 1803.7 particle/Kg and 720 ± 131.1 particle/individual, compared to station 1 and 2 which is further away from the river.
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