Smallholder farmers have been integrating their limited resources as a strategy of sustainable farming system. Mixed Crops and Livestock (MCL) Farming becomes the most popular approach in developing countries. However, it remains a question in MCL farming system, whether farmers apply this farming practice as an income generating activity or a survival strategy. This paper aims to explore the determinant factors of MCL practice among farmers in Indonesia. A cross-sectional data of the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) in 2014 was used by involving 3,702 farm household (2,957 of non-MCL farmers and 745 of MCL farmers). A binary choice model was employed to estimate the probability of practicing MCL farming in Indonesia. The results showed that the cultivated land size and age of farmers negatively explained the choice of practicing MCL among farmers in Indonesia. This indicated that MCL farming tends to be practiced by younger farmers with smaller land size. The livestock asset is insignificant within the MCL farming. It indicates that crop farming is the primary farming while keeping livestock is more complementary activity among MCL farmers.
This study aimed to determine the influence of the implementation of the meat self-sufficiency policy on the cattle farmers’ income in Indonesia. This study used secondary data of Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) that were collected in 2014. The IFLS are household data taken by survey at national level. This study used IFLS 5 data. The observed variables in this study included characteristics of farmer's household such as age, area of land cultivated, number of family members, education level, patterns integration of livestock farming and government assistance. Household income is derived from reduced revenue from agricultural sector and it cost as the dependent variable. The results of the study showed that mixed farming or livestock farming integration influenced farmer household income significantly (P<0.01). The cultivated land size affected the household income of farmers (P<0.01). The level of education, number of family members, type of assistance and age did not affect the income of household farmers. The Respondents were divided in two group, group that were exposed and those that were not to the meat self-sufficiency program. The results of study showed that government policy in meat self-sufficiency did not have a significant impact on the household income of farmers. The development of livestock in order to achieve self-sufficiency in meat needs to be
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