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Objective: This study aimed to determine whether the treatment of skin abscesses with vessel loop drainage is noninferior to standard incision and drainage (I&D) regarding treatment failure in pediatric patients in the emergency department (ED).Methods: This study was a prospective, randomized controlled trial in a pediatric ED of an urban tertiary pediatric hospital. Patients with a skin abscess were enrolled. Subjects were assigned to the control arm of I&D or the study arm of vessel loop drainage. Study end points (failure rates, satisfaction scores, wound appearance, visit frequency) were assessed before discharge from the ED, at 24-to 48-hour follow-up, and at 14-day follow-up. Treatment failure was declared if the abscess required reinstrumentation or admission for intravenous antibiotics for systemic illness within 14 days.Results: From August 2014 to October 2015, 81 patients completed this study. Treatment failure was observed in 3 subjects of each arm (7.3% loop vs 7.5% standard; risk difference, 0.2%; 95% confidence interval, −11.2% to 11.6%). Parent satisfaction rates with wound appearance at day 14 were similar (86.1% loop vs 88.2% standard were at least satisfied). Median cosmetic scores were similar at day 14 (6 [interquartile range {IQR}, 5-6] loop vs 6 [IQR, 5-6] standard, where 6 was optimal). Follow-up visit frequency was similar (2 [IQR, 2-3] loop vs 2 [IQR, 2-2.5] standard).Conclusions: Abscess drainage with a vessel loop in the pediatric ED results in failure rates noninferior to those of the standard I&D. Satisfaction and cosmetic scores are favorable in both groups.

Background Facility treatment guidelines for antibiotic choice and duration are a priority in the CDC Core Elements of hospital antimicrobial stewardship (AMS). Urinary tract infection (UTI) and community acquired pneumonia (CAP) are common pediatric diagnoses with potential for AMS impact in both inpatient and outpatient settings. We describe a project at a free-standing children’s hospital that was implemented through a collaboration of multidisciplinary providers who participated in the national Value in Inpatient Pediatrics (VIP) program. One aim of this project is to evaluate baseline and improve antibiotic duration for CAP and UTI. Methods This is a retrospective/prospective chart review study that compares baseline and post-intervention duration of antibiotic prescribing for UTI and CAP cases from July 2019-December 2021 based on data collected through the VIP program. Figure 1 describes the timeline of events and results. Patients included were identified by diagnosis code for CAP and UTI. Each case was randomized for inclusion and manually reviewed to ensure it met the diagnosis clinical definition. Cases with underlying chronic medical conditions were excluded from this analysis. Duration of antibiotics prescribed was compared for each group using Wilcoxon rank-sum testing. Figure 1.Timeline of guideline implementation and evaluation Results Among the 351 patients included, 163 had a diagnosis of CAP (98 pre-, 65 post- implementation); 188 with UTI (121 pre-, 67 post- implementation). Post Implementation, there was a significant decrease in median duration of antibiotic prescribing from 10 to 7 days in both groups (p< 0.001). Figure 2.Median duration of antibiotics pre and post program implementation (p<0.001) Conclusion Institutional implementation of guidelines is an important step in local AMS. Guideline implementation alone is not enough to ensure practice change and going beyond the CDC core elements has become important. In our case, participation in a national project with local multidisciplinary involvement was successful in improving duration of therapy for CAP and UTI not previously achieved by the local guidelines. Changes were made to the electronic medical record in the ED to ensure sustainability of this change. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures.

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