Data from a 21-year period are presented to evaluate the effects of a mass cytologic screening program on uterine cancer morbidity and mortality in Louisville, Jefferson County, Kentucky. The success of screening was greatest in the younger age groups. There was a fall-off after age 45 years, especially in those age 60 years or older. Women at highest risk for cervical cancer, in the low socioeconomic quartile, had a better initial screening rate than the two middle-income quartiles, and had the highest rate of all women for subsequent rescreening. The greatest decrease in both morbidity and mortality was in women under the age of 50 years. Women age 30-39 and 50-59 years benefitted the most, as measured by mortality, with a decrease of 70.8 and 69.0%, respectively. There was no change in mortality rates for those age 70 years or older. Although the average annual age-adjusted rate increased from 13.2 to 15.3/100,000 women over the 21-year period.
A 15‐year study of endometrial carcinoma in Louisville‐Jefferson County, Kentucky, revealed an increase of 26.3% in average yearly rates when the first 3 years, 1953‐1955, were compared with the last 3 years, 1965‐1967. An increase of 15.9% persisted when the rates were corrected for aging of the population; this was not statistically significant. Thus the mass cytologic screening program which had a beneficial effect on the rates for invasive cervix cancer, failed to have such an effect on endometrial carcinoma.
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