Carnitine acetyltransferase was purified from the supernatant obtained after centrifugation of human liver homogenate to a final specific activity of 78.75 unit . mg-' with acetyl-CoA as a substrate. Human carnitine acetyltransferase is a monomer of 60.5 kDa with maximum activity in the presence of propionyl-CoA and a pH optimum of 8.7. Apparent K , values for acetyl-CoA are three times lower than for decanoyl-CoA. K,,, values for L-carnitine in the presence of acetyl-CoA are six times lower than in the presence of decdnoyl-CoA. K, values for acetylcarnitine are three times lower than for octanoylcarnitine.The polyclonal antibodies against human carnitine acetyltransferase recognize a 60.5-kDa peptide in the purified preparation of human liver and brain homogenates and in immunoblots of mitochondrial and peroxisomal fractions from human liver.Immunoprecipitation and SDSjPAGE analysis of 35S-labelled proteins produced by human fibroblasts indicate that mitochondrial carnitine acetyltransferase is synthesized as a precursor of 65 kDa.We also purified carnitine acetyltransferase from the pellet obtained after centrifugation of liver homogenate. The pellet was extracted by sonication in the presence of 0.5% Tween 20. The chromatographic procedures for the purification and the kinetic, physical and immunological properties of pellet-extracted carnitine acetyltransferase are similar to those of carnitine acetyltransferase purified from the supernatant of human liver homogenate.
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