The traditional methods of managing human capital, creativity, innovation, and the learning culture within an organization have long over‐shadowed the management of the professional intellect. As with the resource based view (RVB) of the firm, the intangible strategic intelligence creates most of the professional intellect of an organization, and operates on the following four levels (in increasing importance): cognitive knowledge or basic mastery of a professional discipline; advanced skills or the ability to translate theory into effective execution or practice; systems understanding or the deep knowledge of the cause and effect relationships underlying the professional discipline; and self‐motivated creativity or the motivation and adaptability for success. The interaction of these factors, along with enhanced communications, allow nurturing organizations the ability to thrive in the face of today’s rapid changes and renew their cognitive knowledge, especially where it increases the loyalty of knowledge workers.

Online shopping phenomena are governed by a number of consumer acceptance and behaviour characteristics and grounded in theoretical aspects of consumer decision making. There are a number of factors that affect what we buy, when we buy, and why we buy. In reference to buying online, the factors that influence consumers are marketing efforts, socio-cultural influences, psychological factors, personal questions, post-decision behaviour, and experience. These factors will be further discussed by way of a consumer decision-making model for online shoppers.

The modified UNIFAC model of Skjold-Jorgensen et al. has been successfully used In the correlation and prediction of enthalpies of mixing. With nineteen pairs of primary parameters, and in the temperature range 0-100 °C, typical prediction errors of 5-15% are obtained. Higher errors (10-30%) are observed for systems containing hydrogen-bonded compounds.

Introduction to the need for cybersecurity Internet security overviewThe Internet is not a single network, but a worldwide collection of loosely connected networks that are accessible by individual computer hosts in a variety of ways, including gateways, routers, dial-up connections, and Internet service providers. The Internet is all about speed, change, convenience, sharing, and communications innovation. The Internet has made everything move farther and faster than ever before. It is easily accessible to anyone with a computer and a network connection. Individuals and organizations worldwide can reach any place at any time on the network without regard to international, geopolitical, or geographic boundaries or time of day. According to McDonald et al. (1996), the existence and popularity of the Internet makes utility patents for software desirable for two main reasons: 1 the Internet has made it easier to copy and distribute software; and 2 the Internet has opened up a new, lucrative market for software development ± much of the software being developed includes interactive functions that can only be protected under patent law. McDonald et al. have suggested that early court cases and legislative efforts point to the trend that courts facing Internet issues will attempt to apply traditional principles of intellectual property law to this new form of communication. With 2002 and its increasing number of court cases on Internet-related issues, the courts are obviously still struggling with the question of intellectual property rights in an open source code environment supporting e-commerce.