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A docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), 22:6(n-3), rich strain of Schizochyhium sp. was used in a spray-dried form to evaluate the enhancement of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs) in Artemiu franckcana nauplii (Utah biotype) and the rotifer Brachionus p l i c~~M k .This heterotrophic microalga was selected because oP its high concentration of the longest chain HUFAs in the n-3 and n-6 series, DHA and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), 22:5(n-6), respectively. When 24-h-old Artemiu nauplii were fed 400 m&L of the algae for 24 h, the DHA content of the nauplii went from undetectable levels to 0.8% of dry weight and the omega-3 HUFA eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), 20:5n-3, content went from 0.1% to 0.5% of dry weight in the nauplii. Similarly, 22:5(n-6) increased in the nauplii from undetectable levels to 0.4% of dry weight, with a concomitant increase in arachidonic acid, (20:4n-6), from trace to 0.3% of dry weight even though there was no arachidonic acid in the algal biomass. Similar enrichment patterns were observed in rotifers. The results suggest that spray-dried cells of Schizochytrium sp. are effective in enriching Artemia naupli and rotifers in both n-3 and n-6 HUFAs. The results also suggest that Arterniu nauplii and rotifers are capable of readily retroconverting

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Suitability of the rhesus monkey ( Macaca mulatta ) as an experimental host for evaluation of vaccines against airborne infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37Rv was investigated. Nonvaccinated monkeys were exposed to estimated doses of 12, 25, or 49 units of H37Rv in a modified Henderson apparatus, and the course of the disease was followed by chest X rays, skin testing with purified protein derivative, body-weight determinations, and autopsy 8 weeks postinfection. These animals developed progressive and extensive tuberculosis with pathological changes proportional to the infecting dose. Four of seven monkeys vaccinated intravenously with 1 mg of live BCG 8 weeks prior to challenge with 40 units of H37Rv had no gross evidence of disease at autopsy 13 weeks postinfection; the other three monkeys had minimal disease. These data demonstrated that (i) reproducible and progressive infection could be induced in rhesus monkeys infected in a manner which simulated natural infection of man and (ii) a high level of resistance to infection could be induced by BCG vaccine in the rhesus monkey, which in nature is highly susceptible to tuberculous infection.