This work investigated the effects of swine wastewater-derived biogas on microalgae biomass production and nutrient removal rates from piggery wastewater concomitantly with biogas filtration. Photobioreactors with dominant Scenedesmus spp. were prepared using non-sterile digestate and exposed to different photoperiods. In the presence of biogas and autotrophic conditions microalgae yield of 1.1±0.2 g L(-1) (growth rate of 141.8±3.5 mg L(-1) d(-1)) was obtained leading to faster N-NH3 and P-PO4(3-) assimilation rate of 21.2±1.2 and 3.5±2.5 mg L(-1) d(-1), respectively. H2S up to 3000 ppmv was not inhibitory and completely removed. Maximum CO2 assimilation of 219±4.8 mg L(-1) d(-1) was achieved. Biological consumption of CH4 up to 18% v/v was verified. O2 up to 22% v/v was controlled by adding acetate to exacerbate oxygen demand by microorganisms. Microalgae-based wastewater treatment coupled to biogas purification accelerates nutrient removal concomitantly producing valuable biomass and biomethane.

The effects of nitrogen (N) and/or phosphorus (P) starvation on the biochemical composition of native microalgae Chlorella spp. polyculture obtained from the phycoremediation of swine wastewaters were investigated. Microalgae-specific growth rate of 1.2 day(-1) was achieved (30.3 mg L(-1) day(-1)). PO4 (-2) and NH3 were completely removed from swine digestate effluent after 3 and 11 days, respectively. Microalgae harvested immediately after nutrient removal showed high protein (56-59 %) and carbohydrate (25-34 %) but low lipid (1.8-3 %) contents. Depletion of N or P alone stimulated carbohydrate production at the expenses of proteins. Significant lipid accumulation from 3 % ± 0.5 to 16.3 % ± 0.8 was reached only after 25 days following N and P starvation as demonstrated by Nile red-stained cells. Regarding to the effects of harvesting methods on cellular biochemical composition, circumstantial evidences indicate that coagulation-flocculation with tannin may lead to lower protein and lipid amounts but increased carbohydrate content (p < 0.01) as compared to centrifugation.

The objective of this work was to quantify biomethane from anaerobic degradation of microalgae biomass harvested from a field-scale tank reactor simulating phycoremediation of swine wastewater. The effects of nutrients starvation on microalgae chemical cellular composition changes and its influence on biomethane generation potential were also addressed. Microalgae polyculture was dominated by uncultured Scenedesmus clone BF 063 which showed a carbohydrate, protein and lipid content of 27.6 ± 3.3, 57.6 ± 0.1 and 3.9 ± 0.6%, respectively. After 25 days exposed to N-and P-free medium, microalgae biomass composition showed 54.6 ± 2.6, 24.1 ± 2.4 and 16.9 ± 0.8% of carbohydrate, protein and lipid, respectively. Volatile solids concentration in the biomass harvested from N-and P-rich medium was lower [67 ± 1.7 g VS (kg biomass) À1 ] than biomass harvested from nutrient depleted medium [204.1 ± 3.1 g VS (kg biomass) À1 ]. Consequently, much higher biomethane production was obtained i.e., 103.5 L N CH 4 (kg biomass) À1 vs 44 L N CH 4 (kg biomass) À1. The results suggest that biomethane production in digesters could be improved by integrating microalgae biomass harvested from algae-based swine wastewater digestate treatment.

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O presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a eficiência da gestão dos serviços municipais de abastecimento de água e esgotamento sanitário utilizando-se da abordagem Data Envelopment Analysis. Foram avaliados 53 municípios prestadores de serviços de abastecimento de água potável e esgotamento sanitário, conforme definições da Lei 11.445/2007, com população residente entre 50 mil e 100 mil habitantes e constantes da amostra do Sistema Nacional de Informações sobre Saneamento. Utilizaram-se na avaliação 33 indicadores de desempenho cujos resultados foram transformados em medidas adimensionais de intervalo [0, 1]. Da amostra total, nove serviços de abastecimento de água potável e três de esgotamento sanitário obtiveram avaliação com índice igual a 1 e classificação eficiente, sendo que os demais obtiveram avaliação inferior, ou seja, menores que 1 e classificação ineficiente. Na avaliação agregada da gestão do saneamento básico (abastecimento de água potável e esgotamento sanitário), somente um município obteve classificação eficiente.

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