Polarization and discharge curves were measured for sulfuryl chloride reduction at Teflon‐bonded carbon cathodes fabricated using a number of different carbon powders. Lithium chloroaluminate was utilized as electrolyte solute. At moderate current densities cathode polarization tends to normalize with respect to Brunauer, Emmett, Teller (BET) surface area of the carbon. Cathode life increases with increased porosity of the electrode. The porosity is required for good accommodation of product
normalLiCl
. A formulation incorporating both high BET area and porosity was developed and found to provide good electrochemical performance against lithium counterelectrodes. When sulfuryl chloride is reduced at the optimized cathode (against a lithium anode), the main products of reaction are
normalLiCl
(which is quantitatively deposited within the electrode's pores) and
SO2
. This suggests the overall cell reaction:
2normalLi+SO2Cl2→2normalLiCl+SO2
. The addition of
Cl2
or
SO2
to the electrolyte causes decrease or increase of cathode polarization, respectively. This may be taken as evidence that the reduction, at moderate current densities, occurs through a
Cl2
intermediate resulting from heterogeneous decomposition of
SO2Cl2
. Reduction of undissociated
SO2Cl2
may occur at high current densities or after the active area of the electrode is significantly reduced through deposition of product
normalLiCl
.
SYNOPSISSurface properties of a number of commercial thermoplastic polymer films were investigated before and after brief exposures to RF induced, low temperature gas plasmas. Water wettability and adhesion of vapor deposited aluminum to thin films (8-12 micron) of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polysulfone, polycarbonate, and polyvinylidene fluoride films were studied before and after treatments with oxygen, 96% CF4/4% O,, and helium plasmas. Treatment with oxygen plasmas showed the greatest change in water wettability for polyvinylidene fluoride and polypropylene films, while treatment with 96% CF4/4% 0, showed dramatic changes in wettability of polycarbonate, polysulfone, and polystyrene. Excellent adhesion of aluminum was found for polymers that had been previously exposed to gas plasmas.
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