Single carbon number olefins derived from Ziegler technology were sulfonated in a continuous fallingfilm SO3 reactor. The resulting alpha olefin sulfonate (AOS) was evaluated in a dishwashing test at several water hardnesses. Statistical analysis of the data led to the selection of compositions suitable for hand dishwash applications. AOS, prepared by sulfonating a blend of C14 and C16 olefins, was evaluated for hand dishwashing efficiency in a ternary mixture consisting of AOS, an alcohol ether sulfate and monoethanolamide. Regression equations calculated from the data permit the prediction of performance levels for all practical combinations of the three ingredients. The effect of unreacted olefin on AOS dishwash performance was also determined. With a binary blend of AOS and monoethanolamide it was shown that up to 5% free oil (based on AOS active) could be tolerated without significant deleterious effect.
Alpha olefin sutfonates (AOS) are a complex mixture of the positional isomers of hydroxyalkane sulfonates, alkene sulfonates, and disulfonates. This paper describes a qualitative method for separating these various components by reverse-phase high pressure liquid chromatography. The column utilized was a DuPont Zorbax TMS (4.6 mm • 25 cm) with a water/methanol (25:75, v/v) mobile phase containing sodium nitrate at a concentration of 0.4M. The hydroxyalkane sulfonate and alkene sulfonate peaks were identified using laboratory prepared standards. The disulfonate peaks were located using controlled sulfonation conditions. More work needs to be done to separate an overlap of C16 3-hydroxyalkane sulfonate and C14 2-alkene sulfonate in 1416 AOS. However, if studies are based on single carbon number AOS samples, the overlap of these peaks can be avoided. This method can be utilized as a qualitative tool for the comparison of sulfonation runs, the identification of AOS within a detergent, or the identfication of the olefin type used for sulfonation.
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