No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

Mobile communications has been of interest since the earliest days of wireless communications. First applications involved ship‐to‐shore and ship‐to‐ship telegraphy as well as telegraphy to moving trains. The development of AM radio, and later FM radio, resulted in mobile voice communication systems. The development of the cellular radio concept gave to rise to mobile telephones that were both practical and inexpensive. The growth of the cellular telephone industry exceeded all expectations and, in many environments, the bulk of telephone traffic is now handled by wireless cellular systems. This article details this history and describes the essential features of mobile radio systems, including the cellular concept, mobile radio channels, and multiple access techniques. First, second and third generation commercial cellular systems are discussed and their capabilities are compared.