The authors appreciate the help of H. D. Fisher in designing and building the magnetic pressure control switch circuit. We also appreciate the efforts of Clarence Hayden in conducting the greenhouse study.
The design and operation of a pneumatically powered sample slicing machine for potatoes, sugar beets, and similar crops are described.
The fractional water-sediment sampler enables collecting Iarge-volume representative samples of water and sediment from surface drainage streams. Free fall-Row, such as obtained at drop structures, is required for the operation of the sampler. The total sediment-laden water flow sampled can be split to 50 or 25% of the original sampled Row before being directed to containers by adding one or two splitting stages.Additional Index Words: water samples, sediment, pollution, splitter.A STUDY to determine the sediment concentration in irrigation canals and surface drains in southern Idaho required large volume, representative sediment-laden water samples. The streams involved varied in width, depth, and velocity of flow. The sediment load, of course, is not uniform in either the vertical or horizontal plane. When the depth and velocities of the streams where "grab" sampling, i.e, holding a bucket in nappe of a drop structure, became impractical, a sampling device was needed. The DH-48 depth-integrating sampler, which uses a pint bottle or even the modified version using a quart bottle, did not collect enough volume of the sediment-laden water required for this analysis. 3 Also with this newly developed water-sedi- A sampler was developed to collect the full vertical profile at one time, and by moving the sampler across the stream width it collects a fully integrated representative sample of the sediment-laden water. It was designed to operate at the nappe of a drop or check structure having a fall of 30 cm or more. When the flow through the sampler is too large to handle conveniently, splitter stages can be added to subdivide the flow to either 50 or 25% of the original volume (Fig. 1). A total drop of 45 cm (18 inches) is required with one splitter, and 60 cm (24 inches) is required when two splitters are used. DesignThe sampler was made from 16 gage galvanized sheet metal with a slot 3.17 mm wide and 45.72 cm long. The sampler is expanded in a triangular shape so that the least amount of restriction occurs after the flow enters the slot (Fig. 2).When the flow is to be split and reduced, the mixer-splitter section must be attached. The mixer is a 5.1 cm diameter conduit, 8.9 cm long, with a normally closed spring loaded disk at the bottom. The plunger bearing is machined to close tolerance so side play is negligible. The spring tension permits the disk to open with about 2 cm of water in the mixer. When the sampler is held level and as the depth in the mixer increases, the water is forced out evenly around the perimeter of the disk and directed downward into the splitter.The splitter is an inverted cone divided into six equal segments. Three divisions are open to the funnel below and three are covered so the water is returned to the stream. The splitter is made of 28 gage galvanized sheet metal with rolled threads. A half sample can be collected by attaching the adapter for plastic tubing to the first splitter or it can be again split in half with the second splitter. The second splitter is identical with th...
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