Corn and garlic are important crops to Curitibanos region (state of Santa Catarina-Brazil), often planted in alternate cropping seasons. Production costs are high, especially due to N fertilizer, since they are highly demanding in N. In addition to reducing economic costs, the search for environmentally sustainable technologies has stimulated the study of interactions between plants and growth-promoting microorganisms. Rhizobacteria, e.g., Bacillus sp., have been presenting as growth-promoting microorganisms. Five isolates of garlic rhizosphere from 27 individuals of the Plant Growth Promoting Microorganisms group collection were tested on corn under field conditions, comparing to two levels of nitrogen fertilization: 120 and 60 kg ha-1. The Bacillus collection was also evaluated in vitro for phosphate solubilization, production of IAA (Indole Acetic Acid), extracellular enzymes, and inhibition of Sclerotium cepivorum. For plant height and stalk diameter, the inoculation of the EB16 isolate showed similar results to the fertilization with 120 and 60 kg ha-1 of N in corn. Both EB16 and EB02 isolates increased corn ear diameter and the yield was similar to that observed in the treatment with 60 kg ha-1 of N, indicating their potential as growth-promoters. All strains of the collection produced IAA, and most of them solubilized calcium phosphate and produced lipases and urease. Forty-eight percent of the isolates inhibited S. cepivorum. The EB01, EB15, EB17, and EB27 were positive for three of the four mechanisms analyzed. During these evaluations, it was observed that EB02 and EB16 produced equivalent amounts of IAA, suggesting that more than one growth-promoting mechanism is involved in the efficiency of corn development induction.
Aims: This work aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of A. brasilense inoculants to the development of wheat at the southern part of Brazil. Study Design: The experimental design was randomized block with twelve treatments, containing two liquid inoculants with the A. brasilense strains Ab-V5 and Ab-V6, with or without nitrogen fertilization and five replicates. The plot area was 4m per 6m and thirty-two rows. The seeds inoculation was performed according to the manufacturer's recommendation, and manual sowing. The top-dressing N fertilization was Urea (Super N- 45%N) at 20 days after emergence (DAE), at 120 kg ha-1 (full dosage) or 60 kg ha-1 (half dosage). Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was performed in a farm in Curitibanos county in Santa Catarina state, Brazil. The experiment was carried out on July to November 2016. Methodology: At 45 DAE, it was performed flag leaves N content Tedesco, et al. [1]. At 115 DAE, it was performed dry shoot weight, plant height, ear sizes, grain N contents and grain yield. The results were submitted to variance analysis (ANOVA) and media compared by Scott-Knot's test at 5% of significance. Results: There was no statistical difference for shoot dry weight, plant height, ear size and yield. The N leaf content was greater with Ab-V5 inoculation and half N dosage (HC5 - 109% higher than the control). The N grain content was greater with the two strains (inoculant B) without, half and full N dosage (WC56 - 51%, HCB56 - 76% and CB56 - 65%, respectively). Conclusion: A. brasilense strains had the ability to increase wheat N accumulation with lower N fertilizing, suggesting their potential as growth inducers, emphasizing the importance of further studies to confirm and understand the mechanisms involved.
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