The oil in Camelina sativa L. Crantz has a combined linolenic and linoleic acid content that is greater than 50% and a relatively low saturated FA content (~10%). Although the FA composition has been reported, no information is available on the sterol composition of camelina oil. The derivatized plant sterols were separated and quantified with capillary GC and their identity confirmed with GC-MS. The refined camelina oil sample contained approximately 0.54 wt% unsaponifiables, and over 80% of the unsaponifiables were desmethylsterols. Perhaps the most unusual characteristic of camelina oil is its relatively high content of cholesterol, particularly for a vegetable oil, since it contains several times the cholesterol found in other "high-cholesterol" vegetable oils. Camelina oil also contains relatively large amounts of another unusual sterol, brassicasterol. The major sterols identified in the camelina oil included cholesterol (188 ppm), brassicasterol (133 ppm), campesterol (893 ppm), stigmasterol (103 ppm), sitosterol (1,884 ppm), and ∆ 5 -avenasterol (393 ppm).Paper no. J10074 in JAOCS 79, 965-969 (October 2002).Camelina is known primarily in the United States as a weed, although it is probably best described as an underutilized oilseed. The plant is under renewed interest owing to its excellent potential as an oilseed crop and because of the recent search for new sources of EFA, particularly the n-3 FA. Camelina does have a long history of cultivation. Camelina sativa ssp. seeds have been found in archaeological sites from the Bronze Age in Scandinavia and other parts of Western Europe (1). Camelina sativa L. Crantz is a member of the Crucifereae (Brassicaceae) family, which includes mustard, rapeseed, turnip, broccoli, cabbage, rutabaga, cauliflower, brussels sprouts, and several others that are less well known. The common names used in the North American botanical literature include gold-of-pleasure, dutch flax, and false flax. It is considered a low-input crop, since the nitrogen demand is moderate to low and chemical plant protection is generally not needed. It grows well in cool and semi-arid regions that have a relatively short growing season, e.g., it matures 21 d earlier than flaxseed.Camelina competes well with most other plants, is fairly tolerant of insects and weeds, and grows well on relatively poor and saline soils in northerly climates. It also can survive frost and freeze-thaw cycles after emergence. It has been tested for various agronomic factors in North America, Russia, and Europe, including the Scandinavian countries (2-4).Camelina seeds contain >40% oil on a dry weight basis. The FA composition of camelina oil has been published (2,3), as has research using genetic modification to alter the FA composition of the oil (5). Sterol fractions from numerous vegetable oils, although not camelina oil, have been analyzed using GC (6-9). Plant oils generally contain significant amounts of plant sterols, particularly campesterol, stigmasterol, and/or sitosterol, usually in the range of 0.2 to 2% (w...
Surface response modeling was used to characterize the effect of extrusion processing on the functional properties of corn fiber/corn starch formulations. Process parameters evaluated included screw speed (ZOO-500 rpm), temperature (90-150°C) and pH (3-11). Generally, the water holding capacity of starch increased with increasing extrusion temperature while the water holding capacity of the fiber decreased with increasing extrusion temperature. The foam stability decreased, while the residual moisture increased, with an increase in fiber concentration. X-ray diffraction profiles indicated that extrusion did not affect fiber crystallinity. No significant changes in the ratio of soluble to insoluble fiber were found as a result of extrusion.
To evaluate the type of binding involved, thermodynamic analysis of the temperature dependence of proanthocyanidin binding to bovine serum albumin (BSA) and bean glycoprotein G-l (G-l) was investigated. Binding was analyzed with tritiated proanthocyanidin by ultrafiltration to separate free ligand and protein-bound ligand. Binding constants were determined from Scatchard plots. Van't Hoff plots indicated proanthocyanidin binding to BSA was spontaneous and entropy driven. Analysis with cis-parinaric acid supported the conclusion drawn from the thermodynamic analysis that the binding of proanthocyanidin to BSA was a hydrophobic interaction. Van't Hoff plots indicated proanthocyanidin binding to native G-l protein was also spontaneous but, in contrast to BSA, enthalpy driven. Analysis with cis-parinaric acid confirmed the hydrophilic character of proanthocyanidin binding to native G-l. Evaluation of proanthocyanidin binding to heat-denatured G-l with cis-parinaric acid indicated hydrophobic interactions.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.