Fragility functions are presented for 15 glazing system configurations in support of Applied Technology Council efforts to develop a performance-based seismic design approach for building performance assessment. The study includes seismic evaluation of curtain wall and storefront systems in terms of probability and the consequences of damage, including economic and life safety consequences. Defined damage states consist of gasket degradation, initial glass cracking and crushing, and glass fallout. Alternatives are offered to the provided prototype fragilities for configurations with differing glazing characteristics, which account for varying glass-to-frame clearance, aspect ratio, and glass panel dimensions. Issues related to applying laboratory-based fragility data to actual glazing systems in the field are addressed.

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Dielectric constants, densities, and viscosities of four mono-N-substituted amides of acetic and formic acids and two sulfur-containing cyclic esters have been determined at several temperatures in the 25°to 75°C. range. Computer methods have been used to obtain least squares fitting of the experimental data to appropriate equations. Five of the six liquids have dielectric constants which are greater than that of water at a comparable temperature. The dielectric constants of the liquids are discussed with respect to structure and compared with those of closely related species. Activation energies of viscous flow have been calculated using a differentiated form of the Girifalco equation.