No abstract

Miller, W. B, and Ranwala. A. P. 1994. Characterization and localization of three soluble invertase forms from Lilium longiflorum flower buds. -Phvsiol. Plant. 92: 247-253.Three invertase forms (EC 3.2.1.26) were identified in soluble extracts from developing flower buds of Lilium longiflorum Tbunb. cv, Nellie White. The enzymes were separable on a diethylaminoethyl {DEAE)-Sephacel column and designated invertase I. II or III according to the order of elution from Sephacel. To determine tissue specificity of these floral invertases, anthers were separated from tepal. pistil and filament tissue, and analyzed for invertase acti\ ity. Invertase I was localized pnmarily in anthers, with invertases II and HI being preseni in much smaller amounts {less than 5% of the invertase I activity). Much higher ievels of invertases H and IJI were found in the nonanlher organs of the flower, where essentially no invena.se 1 was detectable. Further purification of each form (using gel filtration. Con-A-Sepharose affinity chromatography and hydrophobic interaction chromatography on pbenyl-agarose) resulted in 1.^5-. 189-and 2()2-fold purificairon of pooied fractions from DEAE-Sephacel. respectively, and established thai each invertase form is a glycoprotein. Each was an acid invertase. wiih pH optima between 4.0 and 5.0 and an apparent molecuiar mass of 77 500 Da (as detennined by Sephades gel filtration). The invertases had sucrose Kv alues of !.O. 6.4 and 6,6 mM. and temperature optima of 40. 50 and 45°C. re.speclively. A temperature stability study revealed that invertase III was the most themiostabie. followed by II and 1. Invertases II and 111 had lower affinity to raffinose and stachyose than invertase I, All three enzymes were completely inhibited by Hg-* or Ag* ions al 1.7 mM. .'\l this concentration. Cu-"' showed differential partial inhibition. .Although fructan was shoun to be present in both anther and nonanther tissues of Lilium llower bnds. these invertases showed no sucrose:sucrose fructosyitransferase (EC 2.4.1.991 activity, Ke\ words -Easter lily, flowering, fructan, fructofuranosidase, invertase. Lilium longiflorum. sucrose:sucrose fructosyllransferase.

Hemp (Cannabis sativa) is a multi-use crop garnering newfound attention from researchers and consumers. While interest has emerged, a lack of substantiated research still exists regarding effects of adverse weather events on physiological health and secondary metabolite production of hemp. The aim of this experiment was to assess cold tolerance of hemp using the cultivars ‘FINOLA’ and ‘AutoCBD’. Effects of cultivar, plant age, cold acclimation, frequency of cold treatments, and intensity of cold treatments were all considered in regard to their influence on physiological stress, biomass, and cannabinoid profile. Few effects of sequential cold treatments were noted, and they were not moderated by cold acclimation, which tended to have negative effects across many responses. This detrimental effect of cold acclimation conditions was further observed in decreased total CBD % and total THC % compared to non-acclimated plants. These findings bear consideration when assessing the unpredictability of a changing climate’s effects on the heath and cannabinoid profile of hemp.

Plants of Euphorbia pulcherrima Wind. `Glory' were grown under 13.4, 8.5, or 4.0 mol·m-2·day-1 and sprayed with water (control); 2500 mg·liter-1 daminozide + 1500 mg·liter-1 chlormequat chloride (D+C); 62.5 mg·liter-1 paclobutrazol; or 4, 8, 12 or 16 mg·liter-1 uniconazole to ascertain plant developmental and pest-production responses to the treatment combinations. Days to anthesis increased as irradiance was decreased. Anthesis was delayed by the D+C treatment, while other growth retardant (GR) treatments had no effect on anthesis. Irradiance did not affect plant height at anthesis, but all GR treatments decreased height over control plants. Bract display and bract canopy display diameters declined as irradiance was decreased. Growth retardants did not affect individual bract display diameters, but all GR treatments except paclobutrazol reduced bract canopy display diameter. Plants grown under lower irradiance had fewer axillary buds develop, fewer bract displays per plant, and fewer cyathia per bract display. Cyathia abscission during a 30 day post-anthesis evaluation was not affected by treatment; however, plant leaf drop was linearly proportional to irradiance. All GR treatments increased leaf drop over controls, and the D+C treated plants had the highest leaf loss. Results indicate the irradiance and GR treatments during production can affect poinsettia crop timing, plant quality at maturity, and subsequent post-production performance.