At birth, obligatory aquatic mammals must be capable of independent locomotion, surfacing to breathe and maintaining contact with the mother. Precocial development in marine mammals has been described with respect to the importance of respiratory centers in the brain, sensory organs, and the neuromuscular integration of the locomotory system (Buhl and Oelschl€ ager 1988, Oelschl€ ager and Kemp 1998, Rauschmann et al. 2006. Hoyte (1961) found that the cavities of the cochlea, vestibule, and semicircular canals of rabbits were fully grown at birth, whereas the size of the tympanic bulla increased in diameter in the first 22 d of life. However, the systematic representation in previous studies is narrow, and only limited quantitative data on the growth of the middle ear have been reported. Here we present preliminary data on the relative size of the tympanic bulla in comparison to head and body size across a broad spectrum of cetaceans.We collected two data sets to address this question. Homologous measurements were made on skulls and tympanic bullae from 10 adults and 10 juveniles for Tursiops truncatus (Delphinidae) and Pontoporia blainvillei (Iniidae). In T. truncatus we selected animals that had age estimates based on gingival growth layers, and in P. blainvillei, individuals with known body weights. To reduce the effect of geographic variation, we selected specimens of T. truncatus that were categorized as being from either coastal or intermediate populations ranging from New Jersey to North Carolina. All specimens of P. blainvillei were from the population of the estuary of the Rio de la Plata. In order to consider this question in a broader taxonomic context, we 1 Corresponding author (wlancaster@csus.edu).
Odontocete ear complexes or tympanoperiotic complexes (TPCs) were compared for asymmetry. Left and right TPCs were collected from one long-beaked common dolphin (Delphinus capensis) and one Amazon River dolphin (Inia geoffrensis). Asymmetry was assessed by volumetric comparisons of left and right TPCs and by visual comparison of superimposed models of the right TPC to a reflected mirror image of the left TPC. Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests were performed to compare the resonant frequencies of the TPCs as calculated by vibrational analysis. All analyses found slight differences between TPCs from the same specimen in contrast to the directional asymmetry in the nasal region of odontocete skulls.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.