Foreign investment in debt securities in Indonesia continues to grow. Foreign investor ownership in Government Securities (SUN) reached 39% at the end of 2019 from initially only less than 1% at the end of 2002. Foreign investor hold the largest ownership in tradable Government Securities. This study discusses the push and pull factors of foreign portfolio in debt securities investment in emerging markets and Indonesia on the period of 2000-2017. This research uses quantitative methods with panel data analysis. The results showed that economic growth, corruption control, dan financial openness were the main pull factors for foreign investment in debt instruments in emerging markets. Low yield in developed countries was the push factor of foreign investment in debt securities into emerging markets. In addition to economic growth and corruption control, yield on local debt instruments attract foreign investment in debt securities in Indonesia. The results showed that the yield on local debt securities have a negative effect on foreign investment in Indonesian debt securities so that the government does not need to provide too high yield on Government Securities.
The research aims to find out a number of things in terms of macro and micro data that affect the condition of the financial performance of Credit union in all provinces in Indonesia both in terms of internal factors and external factors both in terms of microeconomics and macroeconomics. Therefore, the assessment of the financial performance of Credit union throughout Indonesia has an important role to play in terms of profitability ratios which are influenced by a number of variables. Empirical evidence in this study shows that the total assets, the age of the cooperative and the number of members have a positive and significant relationship to the profitability ratio of return on assets of credit union in Indonesia. In addition, Number of Branches, Merger Activities have a negative influence and a significant relationship to the financial performance of credit union. Meanwhile, macroeconomic variables such as provincial GRDP do not have a significant relationship and influence on the activity performance of the return on asset profitability ratio of credit union. This finding has an important role in improving services to credit cooperative members who are SMEs so that they can increase their contribution to the percentage of economic growth.
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