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An enantioselective synthesis of chiral hydroxyurea based 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors is reported via a five-step sequence in about 30% overall yield. The synthesis is based on a novel tandem nucleophilic addition−intramolecular cyclization reaction in which a chiral nitrone functions as the electrophilic acceptor species. A mannose-based chiral auxiliary controls the diastereoselectivity of the reaction in an 8:1 ratio. After the auxiliary removal and appropriate functionalization, a single recrystallization afforded the target structures in >99% ee.

A convenient two-step homologation of both aliphatic and aromatic ketones to the corresponding carboxylic acid has been developed. First ketones were converted to epoxynitriles with the Darzens reaction. Second, a Lewis acid mediated rearrangement of these epoxynitriles with lithium bromide was achieved to give homologated secondary alkanoic acids (as well as aryl-alkanoic) in good yields. The mechanism and the scope of the rearrangement reaction were investigated. This strategy constitutes a two-step homologation of ketones to secondary carboxylic acids.

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