Penggunaan membran padat kitosan-silika-polietilen glikol (Ch/Si/P) sebagai membran pemisah telah dipelajari. Dalam penelitian ini, membran padat kitosan-silika-polietilen glikol digunakan sebagai membran pemisah untuk ion logam bivalen, termasuk Pb(II), Cu(II), Cd II), dan zat warna Rhodamin B dalam limbah cair tekstil. Membran padat Ch/Si/P dibuat dengan mencampurkan kitosan, silika (dengan natrium silikat yang diisolasi dari abu sekam padi sebagai sumber silika) dan polietilen glikol dengan perbandingan 1: 0,8: 0,5 (b/b). Uji kinerja membran padat dilakukan menggunakan metode dead-end. Uji kinerja menunjukkan bahwa selektivitas membran padat Ch/Si/P meningkat dari Cu(II)> Cd(II)> Pb(II)> Rhodamine B. Membran komersial menunjukkan, selektivitas mengikuti urutan Rhodamine B> Pb(II)> Cd(II)> Cu(II). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa membran padat Ch/Si/P lebih baik sebagai membran pemisah ion logam bivalen dibandingkan membran komersial. Membran komersial lebih baik sebagai membran pemisah Rhodamine B dibandingkan membran padat Ch/Si/P karena memiliki struktur berserat dan berpori.
α-Pinene in turpentine oil can be processed further to produce high value derivative compounds. One of the chemical process that can be used to increase of the value of α-pinene is by methoxylation by using certain catalysts. This study aims to determine the effects of time, temperature, and type of catalyst in the methoxylation of α-pinene. Characterization of the catalyst include: crystallinity by XRD (X-Ray diffractometer), the functional groups analysis by FT-IR (Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), surface area of catalyst with SAA (Surface Area Analyzer), and the acidity test by gravimetric method. Modification of the catalyst with NiO does not change the crystal structure of Y-zeolite significantly. Methoxylation was carried out in a modified batch reactor with mixer at various temperatures 40, 50, 60°C and time variations for 1, 2, 3, 4 hours. Reaction products were identified by GC (Gas Chromatography) and GC-MS (Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry). The product of α-pinene methoxylation was found to be patchouli alcohol. The highest selectivity (67.06 %) and conversion (75.41%) were obtained at the temperature of 60°C and at reaction time of 4 hours with NiO/ZY catalyst. NiO/ZY catalysts is more selective to be used in the α-pinene methoxylation compared with H-ZY.
Abstrak. Pada saat ini, Indonesia sedang terkena musibah pandemi Covid-19, sehingga pemasyarakatan mengenai bahan-bahan lokal sebagai imunitas tubuh penting dikenalkan pada guru dan mahasiswa. Tujuan kegiatan pelatihan ini adalah pemberian pengetahuan mengenai model pembelajaran proyek terintegrasi Etno-STEM untuk bahan kajian teh herbal lokal dan tanaman hutan tropis sebagai imunitas tubuh, diikuti analisis respons peserta pelatihan tersebut. Bahan kajian kimia dari kegiatan ini Kimia larutan dan Koloid. Pelatihan ini penting, karena hasil wawancara dengan beberapa guru dan mahasiswa magister pendidikan kimia diketahui bahwa pelatihan semacam ini belum diperoleh, sehingga keberhasilan kegiatan ini berimplikasi peningkatan kompetensi sesuai tuntutan abad 21. Kegiatan pelatihan ini dilaksanakan dengan metode ceramah, diskusi, dilanjutkan praktik pembuatan teh herbal, serta evaluasi dan responsi. Khalayak sasaran guru, mahasiswa magister pendidikan kimia, dan dosen kimia dengan jumlah 22 peserta. Hasil kegiatan pelatihan disimpulkan bahwa peserta telah memperoleh pengetahuan dan keterampilan mendesain dan praktik model pembelajaran terintegrasi Etno-STEM bahan kajian Teh herbal dan tanaman hutan tropis sebagai imunitas tubuh, pelaksanaan penyampaian materi pelatihan menarik, memotivasi untuk menerapkan, model pembelajaran PjBl terintegrasi Etno-STEM menambah pengetahuan peserta mengenai model pembelajaran inovatif, serta peserta terampil merancang dan menerapkan pengetahuan terkait pembuatan teh herbal; serta pembelajaran ini mampu membekali karakter konservasi peserta. Abstract. Indonesia is keeping hit by the Covid-19 pandemic, then it is important to introduce local materials as body immunity. The purpose of this training activity is to provide knowledge about the Ethno-STEM integrated project learning model for the study of local herbal teas and tropical forest plants as body immunity. The importance of this study is the results show that this kind of training has not yet been obtained, so the success of this activity has implications for increasing competence according to the demands of the 21st century. This training activity is carried out using lecture methods, and discussions, followed by the practice of making herbal teas, and evaluation and response. The target audience is teachers, master's students of chemistry education, and chemistry lecturers with a total of 22 participants. The results of the training activities concluded that participants had acquired the knowledge and skills to design and practice the Ethno-STEM integrated learning model study materials Herbal teas and tropical forest plants as body immunity, the implementation of the delivery of training materials was interesting, motivated to apply, the Ethno-STEM integrated PjBl learning model added participants' knowledge of innovative learning models, as well as skilled participants in designing and applying knowledge related to herbal tea making; and this learning is able to equip the conservation character of the participants.
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