Objective Yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) is one of the materials that can be used as an alternative material for dental implants because of its good mechanical, biocompatible, and aesthetic properties. The binder used for ceramic processing to help bond is polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), which can increase the density of the ceramic material, and polyethylene glycol (PEG), which is used as a plasticizer for PVA, so it is pretty soft when pressed. Materials and Methods The sample was divided into five groups for volume shrinkage and compressive strength examination consisting of K1 (PVA 100%), K2 (PEG 100%), P1 (PVA:PEG 95:5), P2 (PVA:PEG 90:10), and P3 (PVA:PEG 85:15) and four groups on the surface roughness test, namely, K (PVA:PEG 1%), P1 (PVA:PEG 2%), P2 (PVA:PEG 3%), and P3 (PVA:PEG 4%). PVA:PEG binder with various concentrations was mixed with Y-TZP. The mixture was pressed using a uniaxial pressing method and continued by sintering at 1200°C for 4 hours. Statistical Analysis Least significant difference (LSD) test result showed that there was a significant difference in the compressive strength value and shrinkage volume between groups K1 and K2 and P3, and groups K2 with P1, P2, and P3. Post hoc LSD surface roughness test showed a significant difference between groups K with P2 and P3 and P1 and P3 (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) between K with P1 and P2 with P3. Results The Y-TZP group with the PVA binder mixture had the highest compressive strength, while the highest volume shrinkage was found in the PEG group. The next highest compressive strength and volume shrinkage values were found in the PVA:PEG group with a ratio of 95:5, 102.44 MPa, and 12.5%. The best PVA:PEG ratio of 95:5 is used to make surface roughness measurement samples. The best results showed that mixing Y-TZP with 4% PVA:PEG binder had the highest surface roughness compared to other PVA:PEG binders, namely 1.3450 μm. Conclusion From this study, it can be concluded that the best PVA:PEG percentage ratio to produce volume shrinkage and compressive strength is 95:5. The higher the concentration of PVA:PEG (95:5) binder mixed with Y-TZP, the higher the porosity will be.
<p><strong><em>Background:</em></strong><em> Heat cured acrylic resin is a material that has been used as a base for dentures. The main recruitment of ideal dentures include esthetic, durable, and also the how hard the surface itself</em><em>.</em><em> A dirty denture can lead to smell of the mouth, unesthetic, and inflammatory in the oral cavity. One of the material denture cleanser made of natural can inhibit the growth of fungal contained in Sargassum ilicifolium that have content of Mg, Na, Fe, and Fenol. </em><strong><em>Purpose: </em></strong><em>The aimed of this research is to understand the effect of soaking heat cured acrylic resin as the dentures material in 40% Sargassum ilicifolium towards the hardness surface. <strong>Methods:</strong></em><strong><em> </em></strong><em>20 plates of 65 x 10 x 2,5 mm heat cured acrylic divided into 4 different group as samples. First group soaked for 270 hours in aquades, second group soaked for 630 hours in aquades, third group soaked for 270 hours in 40% Sargassum ilicifolium extract, and the fourth group soaked for 630 hours in 40% Sargassum ilicifolium extract. The time of the research 270 hours equivalent of the use of the denture for 3 years, 630 hours equivalent of the use of the denture for 7 years. Then, researcher tested the hardness of all four group surface using Vickers Hardness Tester by using 0,20 kg indenter weight<strong>. </strong></em><strong><em>Result: </em></strong><em>The result of Kruskal Wallis parametric description showed that there is a difference number of the surface hardness between Aquades and Sargassum ilicifolium 40%. Mann Whitney test result also showed that there are significant number each groups</em><em> Aquades and Sargassum ilicifolium. </em><strong><em>Conclusion:</em></strong><strong><em> </em></strong><em>A number of the hardness surface of heat cured acrylic resin were soaked using 40% Sargassum ilicifolium extract for 630 hours is lower than compared heat cured acrylic resin were soaked using 40% Sargassum ilicifolium extract for 270 hours.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><strong><em>Key words:</em></strong><strong><em> </em></strong><em>Acrylic resin. Sargassum ilicifolium, Surface hardness</em><em>, Vickers Hardness Tester</em></p><p><em> </em></p><strong><em>Correspondence:</em></strong><em> Widaningsih,<strong> </strong>Department of Prostodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hang Tuah University, Arif Rahman Hakim 150, Surabaya, Phone 031-5945864, Email: <span style="text-decoration: underline;">ningsih2008@yahoo.com</span></em>
<strong><em>Background: </em></strong><em>Scaffold can be use in bone regeneration, but it should have similarities characteristic to a natural bone such as compressive strength that supported the process of growth and development of bone. This research use scaffold that made from chitosan and Aloe vera. Chitosan well-known as <em>osteoconductive</em> material, meanwhile Aloe vera was osteoinductive material. <strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this research was to compare compressive strength scaffold combinations of chitosan and Aloe vera extracted water and ethanol. <strong>Methods:</strong> Research design using post test only control group design with 36 scaffolds divided into 6 groups. Group 1 was scaffold Aloe vera extracted water (AVa), group 2 was scaffold Aloe vera extracted ethanol (AVe), group 3 was scaffold combination chitosan and Aloe vera extracted water 1: 1 (k-AVa1), group 4 was the scaffold combination of chitosan and Aloe vera extracted ethanol 1: 1 (k-AVe1), group 5 was scaffold combination of chitosan and Aloe vera extracted water 1: 2 (k-AVa2), and group 6 was scaffold combination of chitosan and Aloe vera ethanol extract 1: 2 (k -AVe2). Compressive strength test used Universal Testing Machine (Shimadzu Autograph–AGS–1kNX and using software Trapezium X). Data were analyzed using One Way ANOVA and Games Howell test. <strong>Results: </strong>The result of compressive strength AVa=1.36 MPa, AVe=1.03 MPa, k-AVa1=0.27 MPa, k-AVe1=0.11 MPa, k-AVa2=0.38 MPa, and k-AVe2=0.29<strong> </strong>MPa<strong>. </strong>All groups have significant differences except AVa & AVe and k-AVa1 & K-AVe2 (p>0,05). <strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was difference between compressive strength scaffold combinations of chitosan and Aloe vera extracted water and ethanol, and the most highest compressive strength is AVa.</em>
<p><strong><em>Background:</em></strong><em> Self-cured acrylic resin is a material used for repairing broken and fractured dentures. Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) is a reinforcing material that is being developed as an additive to the acrylic resin. <strong>Objective:</strong> to determine the effect of zirconium dioxide (ZrO<sub>2</sub>) addition on self-cured acrylic resin on impact strength. <strong>Material and Methods:</strong> This study was a true experimental laboratory study with the design of a post-test only control group design, using 24 pieces of self-cured acrylic resin measuring 65 x 10 x 2.5 mm divided into 4 groups with and without zirconium addition dioxide (ZrO<sub>2</sub>) nanoparticles. Zirconium dioxide (ZrO<sub>2</sub>) nanoparticles were silanized first by mixing the silane coupling agent. Furthermore, the impact strength was tested on the plate. The data obtained were analyzed using the One Way ANOVA test. <strong>Results:</strong> there were significant differences in the impact strength between the groups with a significance value of 0,000 (p <0.05). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> there was a difference in the increase of impact strength in acrylic resin self-cured with the addition of ZrO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles concentrations of 3%, 5%, and 7%.</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p><strong><em>Key words:</em></strong><em> Self cured acrylic resin, zirconium dioxide, impact strength</em><em></em></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p><strong><em>Correspondence </em></strong><em>: Widaningsih, Department of Prosthodonti, Faculty of Dentistry, Hang Tuah University, Arif Rahman Hakim 150, Sukolilo, Surabaya, Phone 0818312757, Email: </em><a href="mailto:widaningsih2008@yahoo.com"><em>widaningsih2008@yahoo.com</em></a>
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