In recent years, the public awareness and concern for the environment have been increased significantly. This has resulted in tougher legislation and more stringent standards to which the industry will have to work. In this paper, the environmental regulatory situation in Hong Kong and the effluent standards in Hong Kong and other counties were reviewed so as to give a word of caution for the local textile dyeing industry. Moreover, various pollution prevention techniques were suggested in order to reduce pollution through elimination at the source rather than treatment or disposal.
By using mathematical formulae developed in previous studies, certain pollution parameters of dye effluent obtained from reactive dyeing with a single dye can be predicted with good accuracy. In this study, the degree of pollution of reactive dyeing effluent using dye mixtures was also predicted by other approaches, such as linear and non‐linear regression. The prediction accuracy was found to be satisfactory.
In this study, the absorbance of the three‐dye mixture effluent from reactive dyeing has been used to predict the residual colour value of the dyeing effluent. The colour values of the dyeing effluent have been predicted in terms of ADMI colour values. The prediction accuracy was found to be satisfactory when some mathematical approaches, such as linear and non‐linear regression, were used.
Environmental and public health issues associated with dyes and their effluents are problematic areas for any dyehouse. If the toxicity and color of dyeing effluent can be predicted quantitatively before dyeing, one can select suitable dyes to reduce environmental pollution. This study examines the acute toxicity of dyes and associated auxiliaries in terms of EC 50 , and these data are used to predict the toxicity of the dyeing effluent. The prediction accuracy is satisfactory when some statistical approaches, such as linear and nonlinear regression, are used. Furthermore, in order to make the toxicity data much easier to understand and much more directly comparable with each other, a toxicity index has been created according to the EC 50 values in this study. Incorporating the toxicity information of the dyes with a computer color matching system permits the prediction of effluent toxicity generated by colorant recipes. This should assist colorists to select a "greener" formula while satisfying basic color quality requirements and will let colorists know well ahead of time the impact of toxicity from the effluent on the environment.
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